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Understanding Molar Mass and Moles: A Chemistry Guide

Learn about molar mass, moles, molecules, and conversions in chemistry with clear examples and explanations. Explore Avogadro's number and how it relates to gas calculations.

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Understanding Molar Mass and Moles: A Chemistry Guide

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  1. How many M&M’s do you have? • Mass of weighing dish: • Mass (bag & candy): • Mass of bag alone: 1.555g • Mass of candy: • # of candies: • Mass per candy: 0.850g Prediction: Actual:

  2. MOLES • A mole is • A chemist’s dozen • 22.4 L of a gas at standard temperature and pressure • Avogadro’s number • The # of atoms/molecules needed to make the mass of a sample in grams equal to its mass in amu

  3. Molar Mass • 1 mole of a particular substance is equal to its formula mass • You find this by adding up the atomic masses from the periodic table • Example: NaCl • Sodium: 23 g • Chlorine: 35 g 1mole = 58 g of NaCl

  4. Moles to Mass Examples • How many grams are in 1mole of juglone (C10H6O3)? • How many moles are in 423 g of aluminum?

  5. Moles to Molecules • 6.02 × 1023 molecules = 1 mole • 6.02 × 1023 molecules is known as Avogadro’s number

  6. Moles to Molecules Examples • How many atoms are there in 24 moles of Zinc? • How many moles are there in 2.06 ×1022 atoms of Magnesium?

  7. Molecules to Mass Examples • How many H2O molecules in 72 grams of H2O? • How many grams of sugar (C12H22O11) are there in 4.80×1021 molecules?

  8. Moles to Liters • 1 mole = 22.4 Liters • This is always true at Standard Temperature (0°C / 273 Kelvin) and Standard Pressure (1 atm) →

  9. Moles to Liters Examples • There are 2.4 moles of Cl2 gas collected in a gas chamber. How many liters is this? • You have 233 Liters of H2O. How many moles do you have?

  10. Liters to Molecules Example • How many molecules are there in 56.8 Liters of Carbon monoxide? • How many Liters are there in 2.08×1023 molecules of Sodium Chloride?

  11. Liters to Mass Examples • How many grams is 2.5 Liters of Oxygen gas? • How many liters is 27 grams of Neon gas?

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