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Higher Close Reading: Analysis. Word Choice. Higher Close Reading: Analysis. Higher English Close Reading. Types of Questions Analysis Questions There are four pointers to indicate what type of question you are being asked. Analysis Questions. Pointer No. 1
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Word Choice Higher Close Reading: Analysis
Higher English Close Reading Types of Questions Analysis Questions There are four pointers to indicate what type of question you are being asked.
Analysis Questions Pointer No. 1 • The use of the letter A to remind you that analysis is required.
Analysis Questions Pointer No. 2 • The naming of a particular feature or technique in the question.
Analysis Questions Pointer No. 3 • The instruction to look at a section and then ‘Show how …’ with a list of possible features which you might try.
Analysis Questions Pointer No. 4 • The instruction to look at the writer’s language and ‘Show how…’
Analysis Questions There are two kinds of lists: • Closed lists. Closed list example: How does the writer’s language make clear her annoyance with the newspapers? You should comment on two of the following techniques: Word choice, imagery, sentence structure or tone.
Analysis Questions 2.Open lists. Open list example: How does the writer’s language make clear her annoyance with the newspapers? You should comment on two of the following: Word choice, imagery, sentence structure tone, or any other appropriate technique.
Analysis Questions 2.Open lists. Open list example 2: How does the writer’s language make clear her annoyance with the newspapers? You should comment on techniques such as word choice, imagery, sentence structure tone… Knowing how to use these lists is important in the Close Reading paper.
SummaryMake sure you understand what you are to do in an analysis question Are you being asked about: • Named features? • A closed list of features? • An open list of features? • The writer’s use of language and make your own list? How many features? Is It? • One or another? • One and another • One and/or another? • More than one?
Analysis Questions Word Choice Words have two levels of meaning: • Denotation. • Connotation. The denotation of a word is its basic meaning that you would find in a dictionary. Connotation is the suggestions which the word implies and which contribute to its impact or effect. It appeals to our imagination.
Analysis Questions Word Choice In this type of question you will be asked to explain the effect of the word(s) chosen by the writer. You will be asked to look at individual words, phrases or “word groups” and identify why they were used by the writer and what effect they had in the passage.
Analysis Questions Word Choice The word(s) might imply or suggest something: (connotation). This is extremely important • The words may have a particular tone (critical, questioning, angry, ironic, humorous, etc.)
Analysis Questions Word Choice The word(s) might imply or suggest something: (connotation). This is extremely important • The words may create a comparison: (simile, metaphor, extended metaphor)
Analysis Questions Word Choice The word(s) might imply or suggest something: (connotation). This is extremely important • Words may be used to indicate a contrast.
Analysis Questions Word Choice The word(s) might imply or suggest something: (connotation). This is extremely important • The effect might be to create a sound using alliteration or onomatopoeia.
Analysis Questions Word Choice The word(s) might imply or suggest something: (connotation). This is extremely important • Words may be used to create an image for the reader.
Analysis Questions Word Choice Word Choice Method • The first step is to pick out /identify the most important words.
Analysis Questions Word Choice Word Choice Method • Quote the words in your answer.
Analysis Questions Word Choice Word Choice Method • Analyse the words in detail –the connotation, associations the word has, sound or tone etc.
Analysis Questions Word Choice Word Choice Method • Discuss the effect of the word.
Analysis Questions Word Choice Word Choice Method • Explain how the word helps you to understand the writer’s ideas/opinion.
Analysis Questions Word Choice Example 1 The boy was interrogated about his actions by his parents. • What word(s) would you pick out to discuss? • “interrogated” Why? • What do you associate with this word? • What connotations does the word have? • What does the word make you think of? • Does the word(s) create an image for you? • Why did the writer choose this word?
Analysis Questions Word Choice Example 2 We have been bombarded with numerous images. The “attack” of the advertisers is relentless. The barrage is almost endless and disorientating. • What word(s) would you pick out to discuss? • What do you associate with this word(s)? • What connotations does the word have? • What does the word make you think of? • Does the word(s) create an image for you? • Why did the writer choose this word?
Analysis Questions Word Choice Example 3 Archaeologists have tried to solve the mystery for centuries. The clues have been unearthed and the investigation has been thorough. The skeletons provided evidence of the violence of the time but the motive for the ritual killing remains unclear. • What word(s) would you pick out to discuss? • What do you associate with this word? • What connotations does the word have? • What does the word make you think of? • Does the word(s) create an image for you? • Why did the writer choose this word?
Analysis Questions Word Choice Example 4 The path to enlightenment has grown a little darker today with another senseless attack on the research by scientists. A return to the dark ages could be imminent. • What word(s)or phrases would you pick out to discuss? • What do you associate with the words or phrases? • What connotations do the words or phrases have? • What do the words or phrases you think of? • Does the word(s) create an image for you? • Why did the writer choose these words or phrases?
Analysis Questions Word Choice Example 5 The news report was sanitized and cleansed of the truth. The facts were almost air-brushed out of existence. • What are the key words in this example? • Do the words create a contrast? • Why did the writer use this “word group”? • What point does the writer make in this example?
Analysis Questions Word Choice Example 6 The Christmas season is now packed with marketing gimmicks as parents are compelled to buy junk and goodwill has been discarded in favour of the pressurized selling of furry “gonks” and plastic clutter. • What are the key words in this example? • Do the words create a contrast? • Why did the writer use this “word group”? • What point does the writer make in this example?
Analysis Questions Word Choice Word Choice : Language Analysis 1 • Identify the key words in the sentence. • Explain the connotation or association of the word(s). • Explain the effect of each word.
Analysis Questions Word Choice Example 1: “Oil prices have rocketed in recent years.”
Analysis Questions Word Choice Example 2: “The precious secret was unearthed – a glittering nugget - that was to prove invaluable.”
Analysis Questions Word Choice 1. The girl’s eyes were glued to the television.
Analysis Questions Word Choice 2. The pack of reporters encircled the actress snapping questions at her desperate for some juicy morsel of gossip.
Analysis Questions Word Choice 3. The helicopter ascended and soared into the sky with the blades slicing through the air and after a few minutes the whirring of the rotors faded to the sound of tiny butterfly wings.
