Linux commands – part 3

1. Linux commands – part 3 CS 302

2. Sort • Sort the lines of text files. $ sort fileName • by default it will sort in normal order(0-9 A-Z ). • Options -rReverse normal order(reverse alphabetical Z-A 9-0). -nSort in the following order (A-Z 0-9) -nrSort in reverse of –n (9-0 Z-A) • Note that this command does not sort the actual file, it just displays the sorted output on your terminal.

3. Count words • Short for word count, • wcdisplays a count of lines, words, and characters in a file.

4. Date Display date. • Show current date & time $ date • The following command takes an inputdate only string, and displays the output in date format $date --date=“2001-3-15”

5. Date • Setdate. $ date –s “date to be changed”

6. Calendar • Prints out a formatted calendar of the current month, or a specified month, or a specified whole year. • $ cal • $cal 2001

7. History • Print the history of used commands. $ history • This command will display the last n commands in your history: (n is a number) $ history n

8. Sequential commands • To run a sequence of commands type several commands on the same command line and separating them with semicolons(;) • $pwd ; ls

9. Alias • Alias command allows a user to create simple names for any command (even sequential one) then use them in the same way that ordinary commands are used. • To create a simple name for pwd command : • alias p="pwd“ • To create a simple name for Is –al command: • alias ls="ls -al“ • To create a simple name for a sequential command pwd; ls : • alias pl='pwd; ls • To remove the simple name , use the command unailias • unalias pl='pwd; ls

10. Free disk • Report how much free disk space is available for each mount you have •  To list all file systems and their used and available space • $ df • To displays the free disk information in a readable format: • $ df -h

11. Logout • This command allows user to logout from the system. • % logout

12. Process management • What is a UNIX Process? • A process in Linux is an executing command or program. • The process is what actually performs the work of the command or program. • A process is created every time you run a command or program from the command line. • For example, when you execute a simple command like ls, a single process is created .

13. Process management • To get a report about the current processes • % ps • The above command will list all current processes to you with these information:

14. Process management • To kill one of these processes • $ kill -9 4460 (where 17525 is the PID).