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Unit 2 Atomic Structure

Unit 2 Atomic Structure. Warm Up. The model above shows two continental plates . The folded mountains in this model form at which type of plate boundary ? F Transform boundary G Divergent boundary H Subduction boundary J Convergent boundary. Current Events. What’s Inside?.

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Unit 2 Atomic Structure

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  1. Unit 2Atomic Structure

  2. Warm Up • The model above shows two continental plates. • The folded mountains in this model form at which type of plate boundary? F Transform boundary G Divergent boundary H Subduction boundary J Convergent boundary

  3. Current Events

  4. What’s Inside? You have 15 minutes • Materials: • Sealed box with object inside • Science Notebook • Pencil or pen • Procedure: 1. DO NOT OPEN THE BOX. The box will remain sealed throughout this lesson. 2. Use your senses to gather information about the object in the box. 3. Write your observations on the piece of paper. You need to write 6 observations on a piece of notebook paper titled “ What’s Inside” 4. Analyze your observations. Form a conclusion about the object’s shape and size. Write a brief conclusion “I think what is inside the box is (shape), (size), (density), (property 1) and (property 2).” 5. On the paper, draw the box and what you think the object inside looks like.

  5. Without the option of opening the box, what tools might make the identification of what is in the box easier? • What clues did you use to determine what is inside?

  6. So What’s in Your Box? • Table 1 • Table 2 • Table 3 • Table 4 • Table 5 • Table 6

  7. What’s Inside • How do scientist use indirect evidence to develop explanations or theories? • Based on observations and experiences • They develop models • What are some phenomena that scientist cannot see? • Distant planets • Cells • Microorganisms • Atoms • DNA

  8. Power of 10 • What is the smallest unit of matter? • An atom • Can we see atoms? • Not with the naked eye

  9. Power of 10 Show Leaf http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/scienceopticsu/powersof10/index.html Atoms are the building blocks of matter • At which point can you no longer see the object with you eyes? • Which tools would help you magnify things?

  10. Bill Nye Video • Size Comparison http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUAFqkS7y9M • Bill Nye http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cnXV7Ph3WPk • How Small is an Atom http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I

  11. Warm Up • A researcher wants to experiment with an element that reacts like phosphorus (P) but has a greater atomic mass. Which element should the researcher select for the experiment? • A Nitrogen (N) • B Sulfur (S) • C Arsenic (As) • D Silicon (Si)

  12. Review • Think back to Friday. • Remember the Power of 10, with the leaf • Size Comparison http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUAFqkS7y9M

  13. Power of 10 • What is the smallest unit of matter? • An atom • Can we see atoms? • Not with the naked eye

  14. Paper Cutting Activity • How large is an atom? • 0.00000002 cm ( two hundred millionths of a cm) is the size of an atom • Let see if we can make a visual model for the size of an atom.

  15. Paper Cutting Activity • Cut the paper in half as many times as you can. • Keep the trash in the lid • COUNT how many time your cut and record that number on the half sheet of paper

  16. Paper Cutting Activity • How many time did you cut the paper in half? • Did anyone cut a piece of paper down to the size of one atom? • Can we actually cut the paper until we arrive at the size of an atom? • Why? • Then how have scientist developed their ideas about atoms? • Based on observation (indirect evidence) of the behavior of matter

  17. Notes • LISTENto the PowerPoint as I read • Record the correct answer in the blank

  18. Democritus • 460 BC - Greek philosopher proposes the existence of the atom • His theory: • all atoms are small hard particles • made of a single material formed into different shapes and sizes • always moving, and that they form different materials by joining together

  19. John Dalton

  20. John Dalton • 1803 - British chemist; elements combined in specific proportions to form compounds. • His theory: • all substances are made of atoms that cannot be created, divided, or destroyed • atoms join with other atoms to make new substances • atoms of the same element are exactly alike, and atoms of different elements are different in mass and size (elements)

  21. Edward Frankland • 1852 - English chemist developed the valence theory • His theory: • every atom has a fixed number of bonds (chemical links) that it can form • for the atom to be stable, all of these bonds must be used.

  22. J.J. Thomson

  23. J.J. Thomson • 1897 - English chemist and physicist discovered 1st subatomic particles • His theory: • negatively charged particles called electrons andpositively charged matter • created a model to describe the atom as a sphere filled with positive matter with negative particles mixed in • Referred to it as the plum pudding model

  24. Ernest Rutherford

  25. Ernest Rutherford • 1912 - New Zealand physicist discovered the nucleus • His theory: • small, dense, positively charged particle present in nucleus called a proton • electrons travel around the nucleus,but their exact places cannot be described

  26. Niels Bohr

  27. Niels Bohr • 1913 - Danish physicist discovered energy levels • His theory: • electrons travel around the nucleus in definite paths and fixed distances • electrons can jump from one level to a path in another level

  28. Erwin Shrodinger

  29. Erwin Shrodinger • 1924 - Austrian physicist developed the electron cloud model • His theory: • electrons exact path cannot be predicted • regions, referred to as the electron cloud, are areas where electrons can likely be found.

  30. James Chadwick • 1932 - English physicist discovered neutrons • His theory: • neutrons have no electrical charge • neutrons have a mass nearly equal to the mass of a proton • unit of measurement for subatomic particles is the atomic mass unit (amu)

  31. Videos • How Small is an Atom http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I • Bill Nye http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cnXV7Ph3WPk

  32. Warm Up

  33. iPad 101 • Basic structure features • Saving battery life • Screen shot • Double click home • 3 finger, 4 finger, 5 finger swipe • Copy/Paste/Select • Organization • Delete • Basic Aps • Lock

  34. iPad 101 • Fun features • Emoji • Screen savers • Safety • Take care of your iPad! Its your responsibility! • Do not give out passcodes

  35. Research • Research Tools • Site.gov • Site.edu • “Country Code” • Site:(then country code) • Search tool bar • Google operators • “”

  36. Extra • iBooks • iTunes U • NASA • Atoms HD Lite • Now download these atom Aps • I will never ask you to pay for a download

  37. Warm Up

  38. Notes • Go to ebackpack and find your first science assignment • Open the file in UPad • You will fill in each blank with 3 things from the slide show • If it in red its probably very important

  39. Modern Theory of the Atom • Atoms are composed of three main subatomicparticles: • the electron, • the proton, • and the neutron. • Scroll down to the bottom of the page, draw and label an atom • Most of the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus of the atom.

  40. Modern Theory of the Atom • The protons and neutrons are located within the nucleus while the electrons exist outside of the nucleus. • In stable atoms, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. • Protons=Electrons

  41. Modern Theory of the Atom • Valence electrons are the outermost electrons and are where bonding takes place

  42. Modern Theory of the Atom • The type of atom is determined by the number of protons it has. • The number of protonsin an atom is equal to the atomic number • Protons = Atomic Number

  43. Modern Theory of the Atom • The sum of the number of protonsand neutrons in a particular atom is called the atomicmass • Proton + Neutrons = Atomic Mass

  44. APE MAN and PEN • Switch to MIMIO

  45. Warm Up Turn Current Events and Warm Up in Separate Basket by Sink

  46. Video • How Small is an Atom http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I • Download: Atoms HD Lite

  47. What Is an Atom? • Atoms are often referred to as the building blocks of matter. • Each elementon the periodic table is composed of one type of atom and cannot be broken down into a simpler substance.

  48. What Is an Atom? • Atoms are composed ofsmaller subatomic particles such as the proton, neutron, and electron. • Atoms contain a nucleus surrounded by an electron cloud that consists of one or more energy levels. • Protons are positive • Neutron are neutral • Electrons are negative

  49. Inner Structure of an Atom • Nucleus- Small, dense, positively charged center of the atom which contains most of the atom’s mass

  50. Inner Structure of an Atom • The nucleus contains the following subatomic particles: • Protons- positively (+) charged particles • Neutrons- particles that have no charge (neutral), but contribute to the atom’s mass

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