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Hitler and Nazi Germany

Hitler and Nazi Germany. Warmup. http://youtu.be/d0OtwfYahyg Question: How did Hitler and the Nazi Party get to the point of being this big and powerful?. Objectives. TSWBAT outline the timeline of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Regime

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Hitler and Nazi Germany

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  1. Hitler and Nazi Germany

  2. Warmup http://youtu.be/d0OtwfYahyg Question: How did Hitler and the Nazi Party get to the point of being this big and powerful?

  3. Objectives TSWBAT outline the timeline of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Regime TSWBAT investigate the causes related to the rise of the Nazi Party TSWBAT to debate why Hitler and Nazi Germany were able to break the requirements of the Treaty of Versailles

  4. Key Vocabulary Fascism-A system of government marked by centralization of authority under a dictator, stringent socioeconomic controls, suppression of the opposition through terror and censorship, and typically a policy of belligerent nationalism and racism. Totalitarian-Form of government that subordinates all aspects of its citizens' lives to the authority of the state, with a single charismatic leader. Volkisch-concept of German nationalism Aryan-Hitler’s chosen people (primarily white, non-Jewish) Lebensraum-”living space” Reichstag-German Parliament Antisemitism-prejudice, hatred of, or discrimination to Jews

  5. Hitler (Early Years) Born April 20, 1889 in Austria Moved to Vienna in 1905 to be a painter Rejected admission to Academy of Fine Arts Vienna twice Father, Alois Hitler, died in 1903 after a career as a customs officer Mother, KlaraPolzl, died of cancer in 1907

  6. Parents Alois Hitler KlaraPolzl

  7. Young Adolf Hitler

  8. Military Background Volunteered for German Army in WW1 in 1913. Received Iron Cross 2nd and 1st Class during war. (very rare for enlisted) Exposed to mustard gas and hit by schrapnel during the war Becomes an instructor for soldiers

  9. NSDAP (National Socialist German Workers Party) • Hitler joins and eventually becomes leader (Fuhrer) • Earn the nickname “Nazi” • SA(Sturmabteiling)-protect party and disrupt other parties that opposed them • Ernst Rohm put in charge of SA • Started with 7 members • Grows to 20,000 by 1922

  10. Beer Hall Putsch (Nov 9, 1923) Hitler’s storm troopers surround the beer hall where the leaders of Bavaria are meeting Hitler & Party members march in Munich to overthrow government Police retaliate and 16 Nazis are killed Hitler imprisoned for actions for year. Writes Mein Kampf(my struggle) while in prison

  11. 25 Point Plan Nationalistic/Pan-German (unite all Germans) Abdication of Treaty of Versailles “Lebensraum” Belief in a elite race (Aryan) Total confiscation of war profits Formation of National Army

  12. Rise of the Nazi Party • Legally reinstated in 1925 • 1930-Nazi Party has 107 delegates in Reichstag (18.3%) • 1932-230 delegates (37.4%) majority party • Offered Chancellor from President Hindenberg on Jan 30, 1933 • August 2, 1934-Hindenberg dies • Hitler becomes “Fuhrer”

  13. Economic Problems • France & Belgium take control of coal in Ruhr • Did it as payment for reparations • Workers strike/massive unemplyment paid • Hyper inflation: marks per dollar 1923-4.2 trillion • Heavy war reparations hurts economy • Hitler tapped into the extreme nationalism(volisch) feel of the German people

  14. Measures taken to control Germany • Enabling Act-dissolved the Reichstag • Gave power to cabinet(predominately Hitler) • Removed the power of the constitution • Heinrich Himmler-leader of the SS • Given control of the police • Joseph Goebbels-Propoganda minister • Eliminates freedom of the press • Herman Goring-early member of the Nazi Party and cabinet member • Purges the police dept.

  15. Nazi Leaders Ernst Rohm-SA leader Heinrich Himmler-SS Leader

  16. Nazi Leaders Joseph Goebbels-Propoganda Minister Herman Goring-organized gestapo/Air Force

  17. Night of the Long Knives (June 30, 1934) Hitler authorizes the execution of believed rivals within Nazi organization and outside SA leader Rohm killed Gustav Von Kahr shot and executed Kurt Van Schleicher(former Chancellor) GregorStrasser-leading Nazi member who left the party

  18. Steps to War • Geneva Disarmament Conference-Hitler withdraws from it and League of Nations • March 1935-German rearmament announced • Reveals the Air Force (Luftwaffe) • Announces draft to increase military to 550,00 • Anglo-German Naval Agreement • Recognizes Germany to build submarines equal to British • Increased surface fleet to 35% of British • March 1936-Rhineland Remilitarization • Reestablishes army in buffer zone • British and French back down

  19. Institution of Power & Fear • Mein Kampf focused on race and anti-semitism • SS-(Schutzstaffe) • Himmler put in charge in 1929 • Goring forms the Gestapo(April 26,1933) • Leads to creation of death squads during Holocaust • Kristallnacht(Night of the Broken Glass) • Nov 9-10, 1938 • 7,500 shops & 400 synagogues destroyed • 91 Jews killed • 20,00 sent to concentration camps

  20. Gestapo and Death Squads

  21. Kristallnacht

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