Katrina Asbestos 8 hr Worker Training

1. Katrina Asbestos 8 hr Worker Training Developed for the USACE by HMTRI through cooperative agreement # 2 U45 ES006177-14 with NIEHS under the Worker Safety and Health Training Support Annex

2. Overview • Classroom Segment (4 hours) • Introduction/Asbestos Defined (30 min) • Uses and History of Asbestos (30 min) • Location of Asbestos in Buildings (30 min) • Katrina building determined to be PACM • Regulated area-how determined and designated • Health Effects of Asbestos (45 min) • Exposure assessments/personal monitoring • Medical surveillance procedures • Recordkeeping • Worker Protection (45 min) • Engineering Controls (wet method) • Personal Protective equipment (PPE) • NIOSH Approved Half Face Respirator with HEPA filter • Respirator: use, fitting and limitations; medical evaluation; cleaning, etc. • Protective clothing (unless negative exposure assessment approved) • Hygiene facilities and practices (& decon) • Signs and labels-where, how used • Mississippi DEQ Katrina guidelines and PACM Building(10 min) • contents of 29 CFR 1926.1101 and its appendices (10 min) • Demolition procedures (30 min) • Competent person • Emergency procedures • QUESTION & ANSWER (10 min)

3. Overview • Hand-On Segment (4 hrs) • Field Trip to demolition site to observe, evaluate and discuss contractor work practices • Hands-on use of PPE

4. Objectives of this training - At the end of this session, you should be able to: • Describe heath effects asbestos • Explain how to protect yourself from these hazards • Identify Safe Katrina Demolition Procedures of PACM structures • Increase safety and health awareness

5. What is Asbestos? • A naturally occurring mineral • Consisting of magnesium-silicates • A Crystalline structure of a fibrous nature • Disturbance causes progressively smaller fibers Asbestos ore Asbestos fibers

6. Problems with Asbestos • Microscopic fibers • Easily disturbed • Remain airborne for long periods of time • Easily inhaled

7. Asbestos Groups • A total of two types • Serpentine • Chrysotile - White asbestos • Amphibole • Amosite – Brown asbestos • Crocidolite – Blue asbestos

8. Chrysolite – White Asbestos • Accounts for 95% of asbestos in products. • Fine, silky fibers • It is magnesium silicate.

9. Amosite – Brown Asbestos • Brown or grey straight fibers • Contains iron and magnesium • Most often used asbestos in this group

10. Crocidolite – Blue Asbestos • Takes the form of blue straight fibers. • It is a sodium iron magnesium silicate.

11. Asbestos Properties • Bacteria resistant • Chemical resistant • Electrical insulator • Thermal insulator • Fire resistant • Friction and wear resistant

12. Identifying Asbestos Containing Materials • Asbestos-containing products, which may be part of this debris, include: asbestos-cement corrugated sheet, asbestos-cement flat sheet, asbestos pipeline wrap, roofing felt, vinyl-asbestos floor tile, asbestos-cement shingle, millboard, asbestos-cement pipe, and vermiculite-attic insulation. • All structures (both residential and commercial) built before 1975 may contain significant amounts of asbestos. In particular large structures built before 1975 typically contain asbestos pipe wrap, siding, ceiling tiles, and other building materials high in asbestos content. Additionally, structures built after 1975 may also contain asbestos.

13. Asbestos Containing Material Any material containing more than 1% asbestos by weight. Surfacing materials, Thermal System Insulation, Or Flooring installed prior to 1981 Must be handled asACM until proven otherwise “ACM” and “PACM” Presumed Asbestos Containing Material

14. Three Categories of ACBM • Surfacing materials • spray • trowel • Thermal System Insulation (TSI) • Miscellaneous

15. Katrina Classifications • PACM structures are identified by a “T” • Determined by MS Certified Asbestos Inspector • “T” represents “Transite Siding” • OSHA Class II Asbestos regulations apply • Non-Transite structures are Identified by “NT”

16. Surfacing • Fireproofing • Acoustical texture • Decorative texture • Plasters

17. Thermal System Insulation • Pre-formed pipe insulation • “Mud” type mixes for fittings • Mastics/Adhesives • Aircell • Duct insulation

18. Miscellaneous • Floor tiles and sheet vinyls • Fabrics • Cement products • Brake / clutch linings • Felt paper products • Various consumer products

19. Asbestos Products Bath Panel Fire Door

20. Asbestos Products Corrugated Roofing Asbestos “CAB” siding

21. Asbestos Products Seen in Offices and in Shopping Malls ASBESTOS BOARD

22. Acoustic Panel - School Hall Asbestos Products Damage caused by cable ASBESTOS BOARD

23. Asbestos Products Pipe Lagging, Gaskets and Woven Asbestos

25. Asbestos Containing Building Material • Acoustical Plaster Fire Doors • Asphalt Floor Tile Base Flashing • Blown-In Insulation Heat/AC Duct Insulation • Boiler Insulation Vibration Isolators • Boiler Breeching Insulation High Temp Gaskets • Caulking and Putties Joint Compounds • Cement Wallboard Lab Hoods/Table Tops • Cement Pipes Lab Gloves • Cement Siding Pipe Insulation • Chalk Boards Roofing Felt and Flashing • Cooling Tower Components Adhesives and Mastics • Roof Shingles Floor Backing • Decorative Plasters Fire Curtains • Spackling Compounds Fireproofing materials

26. Asbestos Containing Building Material • Electrical Panel Partitions • Textured Paint/Coatings • Electrical Cloth Wrap • Thermal Paper • Electrical Wiring Insulation • Vinyl Floor Tile • Elevator Brake Shoes • Vinyl Sheet Flooring • Elevator Equipment Panels • Wallboard and Drywall • Fire Blankets • Wicks Vinyl flooring

27. Health Effects • When is asbestos a danger? • When the fibers become airborne. • Asbestos is an inhalation hazard • Health effects are directly related to the amount of exposure

28. Health Effects • What releases asbestos fibers? • Friable - can be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure when dry • Sprayed on asbestos insulation • Damaging asbestos containing materials

29. Defense Systems • Nasal hair • Traps larger particles of dust, etc. • Cough reflex • Body’s clearing response to irritants • Mucous lining • Particle trapped in linning • Cilia • Carries foreign particles out of the lungs • White blood cells • Encapsulate the asbestos fiber

30. Health Effects • Asbestosis • Lung cancer • Mesothelioma • Gastrointestinal cancer

31. OSHA Permissible Exposure Limits • Time-Weighted Average Limit: 0.1 fiber/cubic centimeter as an 8-hour TWA • Excursion Limit: 1.0 fiber/cubic centimeter as averaged over 30 minutes

32. Latency Period Age at first exposure Age when symptoms appear 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 55 A workers age in years Latency Periods • A “delayed reaction” 0 5 50 60

33. Latency Periods • Asbestosis: 15 - 20 years • Lung cancer: 20 - 30 years • Mesothelioma: 30 - 40 years • Gastro-intestinal: 10 - 20 years

34. Asbestosis • Lung disease caused by inhaling dust and fibers • Scarring of the lung • Thickening of lung tissue • Decreased flexibility CONT CONT

35. Asbestosis • Shortness of breath • Lung has decreased ability to oxygenate blood • Attributed to large dose, long term exposures

36. Lung Cancer • Cancer of lung tissue • Dose-response • The more exposure the greater the risk • No known “safe” level • Smoking increases the potential of the disease

37. Smoking and Lung Cancer • Non-smoker / non-asbestos worker 1 X • Non-smoker / asbestos worker 5 X • Smoker / non-asbestos worker 10 X • Smoker / asbestos worker 75-90 X

38. Mesothelioma • Cancer of the mesothelial lining • Asbestos only known cause (1965) • Migration of fibers • Rare form of cancer, no known cure

39. Other Health Effects • Gastro-intestinal • Stomach cancer • Colo-rectal cancer • Esophagus

40. Determining factorsAsbestos Related Diseases • The amount and duration of exposure (No safe level of exposure) • Whether or not you smoke • Age

41. Medical Surveillance - General • Coverage • Employees who for a combined total of 30 or more days/year do Class I, II, and III work, or who are exposed at or above the PELs for a total of 30 days/year • Days of Class II or III work where the work is 1 hour or less and other work practices are required by the standard are complied with, do not count in the total Employees • Employees who are otherwise required to wear negative pressure respirators by this standard must have this use approved by a physician

42. Medical Surveillance - General (cont’d) • Conduct of examinations • By or under the supervision of a licensed physician • At no cost to the employee • At a reasonable time and place • Pulmonary function tests must be administered by a licensed physician or by a person who has completed a training course in spirometry sponsored by an appropriate academic or professional institution

43. Medical Examinations and Consultations - Frequency • Prior to an assignment to an area where negative-pressure respirators are worn • Within 10 working days of the 30th day of exposure, within one year, for employees • Engaged in Class I, II, and/or III work • At least annually thereafter • More frequently when recommended by the physician • Exception: no examination is required if employee has been examined within past 1-year period

44. Medical Examinations and Consultations - Content • Medical and work history, with special emphasis directed to the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems • Standardized questionnaires • Initial examination: Appendix D, Part 1 • Annual examinations: Appendix D, Part 2 • Physical examination directed to the pulmonary and gastrointestinal systems • Chest X-ray, at discretion of physician • Pulmonary • FVC • FEV(1) • Other examinations/tests as ordered by physician

45. Medical Surveillance - Information Provided to Physician • Copy of the 1926.1101 standard and Appendices D, E, and I • Description of employee’s duties as they relate to exposure • Representative exposure level or anticipated exposure level • Description of any personal protective and respiratory equipment used • Information from previous medical examinations

46. Medical Surveillance - Physician’s Written Opinion • Contents • Results of medical examination • Physician’s opinion as to whether employee has any medical conditions that would increase risk of impairment from exposure to asbestos • Any recommended limitations on the employee or on the use of PPE such as respirators • A statement that the physician has informed the employee of the examination results and of any medical conditions that may result from asbestos exposure • A statement that the employee has been informed of the increased risk of lung cancer due to smoking and asbestos exposure together

47. Medical Surveillance - Physician’s Written Opinion (cont’d) • May not include findings or diagnoses unrelated to occupational exposure to asbestos • Must be provided by employer to employee within 30 days of receipt

48. OSHA 1926.1101 • Covers asbestos exposure in all work as defined in 1910.12(b), regardless of the type of worksite or location • Includes but is not limited to the following where asbestos is present: • Demolition or salvage of structures • Removal or encapsulation of materials • Construction, alteration, repair, maintenance, or renovation • Installation of products containing asbestos • Spill/emergency clean-up • Transportation, disposal, storage, containment and housekeeping activities on the site where construction activities are performed

49. Applying the personal monitor Exposure Assessments and Monitoring • For each workplace or work operation where monitoring is required • Breathing zone samples representative of 8-hour TWA and 30-minute Excursion Limit of each employee • Excursion Limit samples for operations most likely to produce exposures above the Excursion Limit

50. Initial Exposure Assessment • Assessment by a competent person before or at the initiation of an operation -- so all appropriate control systems can be applied • Basis: • Exposure monitoring if feasible • Observations, information, or calculations which indicate employee exposure, including any previous monitoring • “Negative Exposure Assessment” required to conclude that exposures are likely to be consistently below the PELs • Exposure above the PELs is assumed for Class I work until exposure monitoring documents otherwise, or employer makes a “negative exposure assessment”