Chapter 13 Principles of Ecology

1. Chapter 13 Principles of Ecology

3. Question 1 - 10 • Name the study of the relationships among organisms and their environment

4. Answer 1 – 10 • Ecology

5. Question 1 - 20 • What are the two types of modeling used by ecologists?

6. Answer 1 – 20 • Computer • Mathematical

7. Question 1 - 30 • An ________________ includes all of the organisms as well as the climate, soil, water, rocks, and other nonliving things in a given area

8. Answer 1 – 30 • ecosystem

9. Question 1 - 40 • Name the three general methods used by ecologists to study organisms

10. Answer 1 – 40 • Observation • Experimentation • Modeling

11. Question 1 - 50 Name the five different levels of organization studied by ecologists listed in order from most specific to broad

12. Answer 1 – 50 • Organism • Population • Community • Ecosystem • Biome

13. Question 2 - 10 • What ecology terms are used in place of LIVING and NON-LIVING?

14. Answer 2 – 10 • Biotic • Abiotic

15. Question 2 - 20 • What is the assortment, or variety, of living things in an ecosystem?

16. Answer 2 – 20 • Biodiversity

17. Question 2 - 30 • What is the name of a species that has an unusually large effect on its ecosystem?

18. Answer 2 – 30 • Keystone Species

19. Question 2 - 40 • What percent of the energy in a food chain is available to the next trophic level?

20. Answer 2 – 40 • 10%

21. Question 2 - 50 • Name the three types of ecological pyramids used to model the distribution of energy and matter in an ecosystem

22. Answer 2 – 50 • Energy • Biomass • Numbers

23. Question 3 - 10 • Name the two processes by which producers create their own food

24. Answer 3 – 10 • Photosynthesis • Chemosynthesis

25. Question 3 - 20 • ______________ are organisms that produce their own food. They are also known as ________________

26. Answer 3 – 20 • Producers • Autotrophs

27. Question 3 - 30 • _____________ are organisms that must consume their food and are also known as ___________

28. Answer 3 – 30 • Consumers • Heterotrophs

29. Question 3 - 40 • What two molecules are produced by the process of photosynthesis that are needed by humans?

30. Answer 3 – 40 • C6H12O6 • O2

31. Question 3 - 50 • What gas does photosynthesis take out of the air?

32. Answer 3 – 50 • CO2

33. Question 4 - 10 • A ________________ is a sequence that links species by their feeding relationships

34. Answer 4 – 10 • Food chain

35. Question 4 - 20 • A ___________ is a model that shows the complex network of feeding relationships and the flow of energy within and sometimes beyond an ecosystem

36. Answer 4 – 20 • Food Web

37. Question 4 - 30 • ________________ are the levels of nourishment in a food chain.

38. Answer 4 – 30 • Trophic levels

39. Question 4 - 40 • Name the following types of consumers in order: • Only eat plants _____________ • Only eat animals _____________

40. Answer 4 – 40 • Herbivore • Carnivore

41. Question 4 - 50 • Name the following types of consumers in order: • Eat both plants and animals ________ • Eat detritus ___________

42. Answer 4 – 50 • Omnivore • Detritivore

43. Question 5 - 10 • Name the circular pathway of water on earth from the atmosphere, to the surface, below ground, and back.

44. Answer 5 – 10 • Hydrogeologic cycle

45. Question 5 - 20 • ______________ is the movement of a particular chemical through the biological and geological, or living and nonliving, parts of an ecosystem.

46. Answer 5 – 20 • Biogeochemical cycle

47. Question 5 - 30 • Name the process of certain types of bacteria converting gaseous nitrogen into ammonia.

48. Answer 5 – 30 • Nitrogen fixation

49. Question 5 - 40 • What are the two main processes that put carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

50. Answer 5 – 40 • Combustion • Respiration