Overview of the Georgia Colony

1. Entry 5 Overview of the Georgia Colony

2. James Edward Oglethorpe • Born December 1696 • Started in Parliament at age 25 • Became a hero to the poor in England • He released debtors from prison and worked to reform prisons while in Parliament

3. James Edward Oglethorpe • Both Oglethorpe and John Percival proposed a new colony to be developed in N. America for debtors and charity cases.

4. James Edward Oglethorpe • In the war between England and Spain • Oglethorpe was a Colonel and led the attack against the Spanish in the Battle of the Bloody Marsh • Was promoted to General afterwards and went home to England

5. Tomochichi • Born around 1650 • Leader of the Yamacraw Indian tribe • The Yamacraw’s were part of the Creek Indians

6. tomochichi • Allowed colonists to have the land between the Savannah and the Altamaha Rivers • Set up trade agreements and prices with the colonists. • Went to England w/ Oglethorpe where officials were impressed with him and showered him with money and gifts.

7. Tomochichi & the battle of Bloody Marsh • Wanted to remain neutral • Fought alongside Oglethorpe during the Battle of Bloody Marsh ~ After Tomochichi’s death, Oglethorpe, living in England, paid for a full military funeral on his behalf.

8. The Georgia Colony Failures and Gaines

9. Failures Gaines • Few debtors ever reached colony’s shores. • Colony was an economic failure. • Many colonists moved elsewhere. • Rum and slavery were eventually introduced after all. • Lack of leadership after Oglethorpe left (Colony had 4 different leaders before it became a Royal Colony.) • 5,500 people settled in Georgia and built new homes to start their lives. • Protestants were able to practice their religion freely. • Georgia was safe from Spanish invasion and had worked out treaties with Indians. • Colonists gained ownership of land and women could inherit property. • Colony survived despite hardships of the first 20 years. Failures and Gaines for Georgia

10. What were the differences? Georgia under Trustee Rule / Royal rule

11. Trustee Rule Royal Rule • All land between the Savannah and Altamaha Rivers from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean • Boundary Changed in 1763 when the St. Mary’s river was made the Southern boundary and the Mississippi River was declared the Western Boundary. boundaries

12. Trustee royal • All laws and regulations by the Trustees in England were subject to approval by the King. Oglethorpe, as resident Trustee, served as a type of Governor. • Georgia was under direct control of the British government. • A Royal Governor and legislative body were assigned to make the laws. • Adult , white, male landowners could vote and serve in that legislative body • Parishes were created. Government

13. Trustees Royal • There was NO established church. • Freedom of religion existed, except for Catholics who were not allowed in the colony. • The Anglican Church (Church of England) was established as the official church of the colony. Religion

14. Trustees Royal • Ownership was restricted to 50 acres. • Colonists who paid their own way could receive up to 500 acres. • Could not sell the land • If a colonist left, the land was returned to the trustees • Land could only be inherited by a male heir • Slavery – NOT allowed until 1750 • Limits on land ownership were removed. • IndianLand was given away under the Headright system. • 100 Acres and additional land for each family member • Land could now be inherited by females as well as males. • Slavery - Allowed Land Ownership & Slavery