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Experimental Design

Experimental Design. ????????????????????????????. What’s the question. Hypothesis. If-then statement If part - shows a relationship (can be cause-effect) Then part – is your prediction

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Experimental Design

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  1. Experimental Design

  2. ???????????????????????????? • What’s the question

  3. Hypothesis • If-then statement • If part - shows a relationship (can be cause-effect) • Then part – is your prediction • If the texture/pattern of a paper towel affects the rate at which it picks up water, then a paper towel with more indentations and therefore surface area will pick up water the fastest.

  4. An experiment needs: • To test only one variable • All other variables are constant • Example: To test which fertilizer is the most effective, the variable is the type of fertilizer. • What should you keep constant?

  5. An experiment needs: • Control Group – Where all factors are standard or kept the same. This is what you will compare your experimental group to • Experimental (Variable) Group – All conditions are kept constant EXCEPT for the variable

  6. Experiment A B D C What group is the control group?

  7. An experiment needs: • Independent (Manipulated) Variable – The factor that you deliberately change (fertilizer) • Dependent (Responding) Variable – The factor that changes in response to the manipulated variable (plant growth)

  8. Experiment A B D C What group is the control group?

  9. An experiment needs: • Data- the more trials or the larger the sample size, the more reliable your data will be. • Quantitative- numerical data • Qualitative- descriptive data • Your data will need to be organized so that the result is clear.

  10. Data Collections Graduated Cylinder Beaker Test Tube Pipette Which is the most precise?

  11. Accuracy - the ability of a measurement to match the actual quantity being measured • The true value • Precision – the ability of a measurement to be consistently repeated

  12. Meniscus

  13. An experiment needs… • Conclusions- your experimental results need to be communicated to

  14. Hypothesis- the prediction and the thinking behind your prediction • For example: Fertilizer A will be the most effective in aiding plant growth because it contains the most nutrients. • Theory- after many hypotheses have been tested and have not been proven incorrect, the hypotheses will become a part of a theory.

  15. Theory- • How have you heard this word used in “the real world”? • Why is it important that we know the scientific definition?

  16. Law- a mathematical explanation of a repeated occurrence (gravity, etc.)

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