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Projected changes to coastal fisheries

Projected changes to coastal fisheries. Solomon Islands Government. Based on. Outline. Main components of coastal fisheries Indirect effects of climate change Direct effects of climate change Projected changes to coastal fisheries production Priority management measures.

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Projected changes to coastal fisheries

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  1. Projected changes to coastal fisheries Solomon Islands Government

  2. Based on......

  3. Outline • Main components of coastal fisheries • Indirect effects of climate change • Direct effects of climate change • Projected changes to coastal fisheries production • Priority management measures

  4. Coastal fisheries – Solomon Islands

  5. What are coastal fisheries? • Demersal fish • Nearshorepelagics • Invertebrates Species not considered • Deepwater snapper • Sharks

  6. Demersal fish

  7. Nearshore pelagic fish

  8. Invertebrates

  9. Coastal fisheries – Solomon Islands 3,575 t/yr 8,925 t/yr 5,750 t/yr Gillett 2009

  10. Indirect effects of climate change % coral cover

  11. 65% decline in abundance and diversity of fishes

  12. Effects of habitat degradation 0.5 0 -0.5 -1 Macroalgae Proportional change Habitat complexity Coral cover 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Time after extensive coral loss (years)

  13. Effects of habitat degradation 0.5 0 -0.5 -1 Macroalgae Proportional change Habitat complexity Coral reef fishes Coral cover 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Time after extensive coral loss (years)

  14. Catch composition GeneralistsNot vulnerable Reef associatedVulnerable Coral associatedHighly vulnerable

  15. Catch composition – Solomon Islands Percent Catch Availability

  16. Importance of herbivorous fish

  17. Direct effects of climate change pH Temperature

  18. Effects of temperature Growth (mg/week) Acanthochromis polyacanthus Maximum growth 28-30oC Projected increase 3oC by 2100 Temperature (oC) Zarco Perello and Pratchett 2012

  19. Effects of temperature Declines in: growth lifespan reproduction Fewer & smaller fishes Growth (mg/week) Maximum growth 28-30oC Projected increase 3oC by 2100 Temperature (oC) Zarco Perello and Pratchett 2012

  20. Effects of temperature Normal spawning temperature

  21. Effects of ocean acidification Abalone Byrne 2012

  22. Effects of ocean acidification Munday et al 2012

  23. Projected coastal fisheries productionSolomon Islands

  24. Priority management measures • Protect structural complexity and biological diversity of coral reefs, mangroves and seagrass to sustain fisheries and maximise adaptation potential • Recognise ecological importance of herbivorous fish and ensure stocks are sufficient to maintain ecosystem functions • Maintain adequate spawning stocks of all species to help overcome the shocks of greater climate extremes

  25. Conclusions • Coastal fisheries are critically important for both food security and livelihoods • Effects of climate change will add to existing pressures (e.g. overfishing) • Improved catch data are needed for monitoring effects of climate change on coastal fisheries: • separate data for each main category of coastal fisheries • subsistence fisheries catches

  26. Thank you j.johnson@c2o.net.au

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