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Chapter 6: Laptops and Portable Devices

Chapter 6: Laptops and Portable Devices. IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software v4.0. Chapter 6 Objectives. 6.1 Describe laptops and other portable devices 6.2 Identify and describe the components of a laptop 6.3 Compare and contrast desktop and laptop components

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Chapter 6: Laptops and Portable Devices

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  1. Chapter 6: Laptops and Portable Devices IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software v4.0

  2. Chapter 6 Objectives 6.1 Describe laptops and other portable devices 6.2 Identify and describe the components of a laptop 6.3 Compare and contrast desktop and laptop components 6.4 Explain how to configure laptops 6.5 Compare the different mobile phone standards 6.6 Identify common preventive maintenance techniques used for laptops and portable devices 6.7 Describe how to troubleshoot laptops and portable devices

  3. Chapter 6 Worksheets • 6.1.2 Worksheet: Research Laptops, Smart Phones, and PDAs • 6.2.3 Worksheet: Laptop Docking Stations • 6.3.4 Worksheet: Laptop Expansion • 6.4.1 Worksheet: ACPI Standards • 6.7.2 Worksheet: Research Laptop Problems

  4. Optional Virtual Laptop Activities • 6.2.1 Explore the different views of the virtual laptop • 6.2.2 Explore the virtual laptop keyboard • 6.2.3 Explore the different views of the docking station • 6.4.2 Replace components and devices in the virtual laptop

  5. Introduction • Do you know when the first laptops were developed? • Who do you think used the early laptops? • One of the original laptops was the GRiD Compass 1101. It was used by astronauts on space missions in the early 1980s. • It weighed 11 lb (5 kg) and cost US $8,000 - $10,000! • This chapter focuses on the differences between laptops and desktops and describes the features of PDAs and Smartphones.

  6. 6.1 Laptops and Portable Devices • Notebooks, laptops, and tablets are types of portable computers. • For clarity and consistency in this course, all portable computers will be called "laptops". • Today, laptops are very popular because advances in technology have resulted in laptops that cost less, weigh less, and have improved capabilities. • PDAs offer features such as games, web surfing, e-mail, instant messaging, and many other features offered by PCs. • Smartphones are cell phones with many built-in PDA capabilities.

  7. Common Uses of Laptops • Taking notes in school or researching papers • Presenting information in business meetings • Accessing data away from home or the office • Playing games while traveling • Watching movies while traveling • Accessing the Internet in a public place • Sending and receiving email in a public place • Can you think of other uses for laptops?

  8. Common Uses of PDAs and Smartphones • The PDA is an electronic personal organizer with tools to help organize information • The Smartphone is a mobile phone with PDA capabilities. • Other uses of PDAs and Smartphones are to take phone calls, voice memos, taking notes, text messaging, browsing the internet, reading eBooks, playing games, internet chat, music, contacts, calendar and GPS.

  9. 6.2 The Components of a Laptop • A port replicator is also a device that allows the notebook user to interface with devices like an external monitor, external keyboard, and external mouse. • The port replicator duplicates the ports that are already on the notebook like the parallel and serial ports. It may also provide a couple more ports for devices such as a joystick or MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface). • The key difference between the docking station and the port replicator is that the docking station provides 1 or 2 PCI slots for add-in card devices. The port replicator does not. Common laptop features: • Small and portable • Integrated display screen in lid • Integrated keyboard • AC power source or rechargeable battery • Hot-swappable drives and peripherals • Some type of docking station or port replicator to connect to peripherals

  10. Bluetooth status LED Standby LED Battery status LED Components Outside of a Laptop • Top view of virtual laptop

  11. Parallel port AC power connector Battery bay Components Outside of a Laptop • Rear view of virtual laptop

  12. Ventilation grill RJ-11 modem Network LEDs Microphone jack Ethernet port USB port PC card slot Headphone jack Security keyhole S-video port Components Outside of a Laptop • Left side view of virtual laptop

  13. Latch Infrared port Speakers Ventilation grill Components Outside of a Laptop • Front view of virtual laptop

  14. Optical drive VGA port Optical drive indicator Drive bay indicator Components Outside of a Laptop Components Outside of a Laptop • Right side view of virtual laptop

  15. Battery latches Docking connector RAM access panel Hard drive access panel Components Outside of a Laptop • Underside view of virtual laptop

  16. Volume controls Power button Pointer controller Fingerprint reader Keyboard Touchpad Components Inside of a Laptop • Open laptop

  17. Hard drive Battery Num lock Bluetooth Caps lock Wireless Standby Power on Components Inside of a Laptop • LEDs inside laptop

  18. Power button Eject button Docking connector Components on a Docking Station • Top view of docking station

  19. Headphone connector USB port Line In connector PC card slot VGA port DVI port AC power connector Parallel port Keyboard port Ethernet port Exhaust fan RJ-11 port Serial port Mouse port External-diskette-drive connector Components on a Docking Station • Rear view of docking station

  20. Key lock Components on a Docking Station • Right side view of docking station

  21. 6.3 Compare Laptop Components and Desktop Components • Desktop components tend to be standardized. They usually meet universal form factors. • Laptop manufacturers focus on refining laptop components to make them more efficient and compact as a result, laptop components are proprietary.  • You may not be able to use components made by one laptop manufacturer to repair a laptop made by another manufacturer.

  22. Compare Motherboards

  23. Compare CPUs

  24. Compare Power Options Laptop Power Options Desktop Power Options

  25. Compare Expansion Capabilities

  26. Compare Expansion Capabilities

  27. 6.4 Configure Laptops • To allow applications and processes to run smoothly: • Configure and allocate system resources • Install additional components and plug-ins • Change environmental settings to match software requirements. • A laptop can be customized for specific purposes by adding external components. • Adding external components is usually accomplished through the use of Plug and Play, but occasionally driver installation and additional configuration may be required. • Follow safe removal procedures when disconnecting hot-swappable and non-hot-swappable devices.

  28. ACPI Standards—Advanced Configuration and Power Interface S0 The computer is on and the CPU is running. S1 The CPU is not running. However, the CPU and RAM are still receiving power. S2 The CPU is off, but the RAM is refreshed. The system is in a lower power mode than S1. S3 The CPU is off, and the RAM is set to a slow refresh rate. This mode is often called “Save to RAM”. In Windows XP, this state is known as the Standby mode. S4 The CPU and RAM are off. The contents of RAM have been saved to a temporary file on the hard disk. This mode is also called “Saved to Disk”. In Windows XP, this state is known as the Hibernate mode. S5 The computer is off and nothing has been saved. Configure Laptop Power Settings

  29. Checking the ACPI Settings in the BIOS Here are the steps to check the ACPI settings in the BIOS: • Enter BIOS setup by pressing the appropriate key or key combination while the computer is booting. Typically this is the Delete key or the F2 key, but there are several other options. • Locate and enter the “Power Management settings” menu item. • Use the appropriate keys to enable ACPI mode. • Save and Exit BIOS setup.

  30. Power Settings in Windows XP To configure your power settings, click:Start > Control Panel > Power Options

  31. Replacing Laptop Components • CAUTION: Always disconnect power and remove the battery before installing or removing laptop components that are not hot-swappable. 

  32. 6.5 Mobile Phone Standards Internet Standard Purpose • Short Message Service (SMS) • Multimedia Message Service (MMS) • Packet Switching • Used for text messaging • Used for sending and receiving photos and videos • Used for accessing the Internet

  33. 6.6 Proper Cleaning Procedures • Follow proper cleaning procedures to clean a laptop. • CAUTION: • Do not spray cleaning solution directly onto the LCD display. • Use products specifically designed for cleaning LCD displays. • Use a soft, lint-free cloth with an approved cleaning solution to avoid damaging laptop surfaces. • Apply the cleaning solution to the lint-free cloth, not directly to the laptop. • Keyboard • Ventilation • LCD display • Touch pad • Floppy drive • Optical disk drive • CD or DVD disc

  34. Optimal Operating Environments • Pack for transport • Clean properly • Ventilate • Air temperature • Humidity

  35. 6.7 Troubleshooting • Determine if a repair is cost-effective. • The cost of the repair should be compared to the replacement cost minus the salvage value. 

  36. Troubleshooting Process Step 1 Gather data from the customer Step 2 Verify the obvious issues Step 3 Try quick solutions first Step 4 Gather data from the computer Step 5 Evaluate the problem and implement the solution Step 6 Close with the customer

  37. 1. Gather Data from the Customer • Customer information • Company name, contact name, address, phone number • Laptop information • Manufacturer, model, OS, network environment, connection type • Description of problem • Open-ended questions • What was happening when you first experienced the problem? • Closed-ended questions • Is the laptop currently using the battery as the power source?

  38. 2. Verify the Obvious Issues Examine the most obvious causes of a problem. • Loose or improper connections • Check the Device Manager; remove and reinsert components • Power issues • Check power LEDs and power source • Wireless network issues • Check network LEDs, Network Connections and wireless signal strength • Sound and audio issues • Stylus issues

  39. 3. Try Quick Solutions First A quick solution can save time and money. • Reboot the computer. • Verify BIOS settings. • Remove or unplug unnecessary peripherals. • Use the Last Known Good Configuration option.

  40. 4. Gather Data from the Computer Data gathered from the laptop can be used to confirm the problem description given by the customer.

  41. 5. Evaluate Problem & Implement Solution • Evaluate the information gathered from the customer and from the laptop • Determine possible solutions • Implement the best solution • Previous experience of solving problems with computers • Other technicians • Internet search engines • News groups • Manufacturer FAQs • Computer manuals • Device manuals • Online forums and chat • Technical websites

  42. 6. Close with the Customer • Discuss with customer the solution implemented. • Have customer verify problem is solved. • Provide all paperwork to customer. • Document steps of solution. • Document components used in repair. • Document time spent to resolve the problem.

  43. Common Problems and Solutions

  44. Chapter 6 Summary Laptops and Portable Devices • Description of portable devices • Laptop components • Configuration procedures • Preventive maintenance techniques

  45. Additional Resources • Whatis?com: IT Encyclopedia and Learning Center http://whatis.com • TechTarget: The Most Targeted IT Media http://techtarget.com • ZDNet: Tech News, Blogs and White Papers for IT Professionals http://www.zdnet.com • HowStuffWorks: It's Good to Know http://computer.howstuffworks.com • CNET.com http://www.cnet.com • PC World http://www.pcworld.com • ComputerWorld http://www.computerworld.com • WIRED NEWS http://www.wired.com • eWEEK.com http://www.eweek.com

  46. Let’s see what you have learned . . . Q: What two features do laptops provide over desktop computers? A: mobility and size Q: Which two laptop ports are used primarily for communication and network connectivity? A: modem (RJ-11) and Ethernet (RJ-45) Q: What is the benefit of using CPU throttling in laptops? A: It reduces CPU power consumption and heat production. Q: Where can a technician change the power schemes on a laptop running Windows XP? A: Select Power Options from within the Control Panel.

  47. Let’s see what you have learned . . . Q: Which task must be completed first to configure power management states when using Windows XP? A: ACPI power management mode must be enabled in the BIOS Q: Which laptop power state should be used to get maximum battery power conservation but allow for the quickest power on of the end-user application? A: standby Q: Which name is given to the collection of settings that control the power settings of a laptop? A: power schemes Q: Which two devices can be individually configured to power off after a laptop has been idle for a given period of time? A: hard drive and monitor

  48. Let’s see what you have learned . . . Q: Which type of interface do current laptops use to achieve similar expansion capabilities as desktops? A: PC Express card Q: What kinds of devices are commonly hot-swappable on laptops? A: PC cards and USB devices Q: Which internal laptop component may be designed as a hot-swappable device? A: optical drive Q: A user has connected a digital projector to the external monitor port on a laptop computer, but the projector indicates that there is no RGB signal. What should the user try first to resolve the problem? A: Press the function key that will redirect the video output to the external monitor.

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