Christianity

1. Christianity

2. Holy Writings • Christianity's holy book is the Bible. Depending upon the version of Christianity you are referring to, there are multiple different versions of the Bible. • The sacred text of Christianity is the Bible or Holy Bible.The Bible is Christians Sacred Text • Many people contributed to the writing of the Bible. Actually the Bible is a collection of writings from about forty contributors • The Bible is organized into two different testaments. The old testaments and the new testaments and the gospel. • The Bible was not written in one specific year or in a single location. The Bible is a collection of writings, and the earliest ones were set down nearly 3500 years ago. • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_christian_holy_book_called# • http://www.biblica.com/bibles/faq/3/ Wiki answers is a terrible source • http://www.biblica.com/bibles/faq/2/Biblica.com is ok, but not great. It’s goal is really to convert people to Christianity and it is not very scholarly.

3. Important and Major beliefs • Central Belief • The central figure in Christianity is Jesus Christ. As the Son of God, he came to earth to teach about love and fellowship. He represents the person that all Christians must strive to be. Christians believe that he is the only one that ever lived on earth that can be called perfect from all worldly sins. The important thing to understand was that Jesus was God. He was here on earth to teach of God’s plan for all of humanity and to save the people of the world from their transgressions. • http://religions.findthedata.org/q/1/1470/Who-are-Christianity-General-s-most-important-figures

4. Deities • In Christianity, God is almighty and rules over all of heaven and earth. He is the one that created the earth and one day will cast judgement over the entire earth. Christians understand that through Jesus Christ, people can be saved from this judgement. By believing that Jesus Christ is Lord and Savior, the Spirit of God is exists in all believers, and that God is almighty in power. A person can be saved from this judgment • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_deity_of_Christianity • Again wiki answers should not be used. Terrible source. Please do not use it in any future assignments

5. Important Figures • Christianity (General)'s most prominent figures include: Jesus Christ, Mary (the mother of Jesus), The Apostle Paul, Abraham (and descendants), John The Baptist • God - The creator of the universe and everything in it. Jesus - God's son, was crucified (killed) so that all mankind would be forgiven of its.Adam and eve- Did wrong, and now have proven the evil in the world, so we can see it. Now we know right from wrong. • John the Baptist- His message was strong and powerful. “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven has come near” (Matt. 3:2). John demanded a radical change in people’s lives as preparation for the coming of the Messiah. The Greek word for “repent” means to change one’s thinking, or to turn about. It is a change in a person’s attitude toward God and in the conduct of life. It was a call to a radical transformation of the entire person. It is a change in mind that results in a change in a person's attitudes and behavior. • Paul (Saul of Tarsus) was a pharisee who was at times a chief scribe for Annus and perhaps Capius. He persecuted the people of the New Jewish /Christian movement violently, by his own admission. He supposedly had a miraculous conversion on the road to Damascus, in Syria, where he saw and spoke to Jesus. After this he began to preach the gospel throughout Greece, Turkey and much of the Empire. (Also wrote most of the New testament) • The story of Abraham can be read about in Genesis from chapter 12 to chapter 23. He was a descendant of Noah's son, Shem (one of the guys who built the ark). Originally, his name was Abram but in Genesis 17 verse 5, God changes it to "Abraham", which means "father of many nations", • Where is you source for this page?

6. History and Geography • Christianity developed out of Judaism in the 1st century C.E. It is founded on the life, teachings, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, and those who follow him are called "Christians." Christianity has many different branches and forms with accompanying variety in beliefs and practices. The three major branches of Christianity are Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Protestantism, with numerous subcategories within each of these branches. Until the latter part of the 20th century, most adherents of Christianity were in the West, though it has spread to every continent and is now the largest religion in the world. Traditional Christian beliefs include the belief in the one and only true God, who is one being and exists as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, and the belief that Jesus is the divine and human Messiah sent to the save the world. Christianity is also noted for its emphasis on faith in Christ as the primary component of religion. The sacred text of Christianity is the Bible, including both the Hebrew scriptures (also known as the Old Testament) and the New Testament. Central to Christian practice is the gathering at churches for worship, fellowship, and study, and engagement with the world through evangelism and social action.

7. Important religion sights • Bethlehem, Israel: birthplace of Jesus Nazareth, Israel: where Jesus lived and began ministry Jerusalem, Israel: where the early Church was started • The Vatican (Vatican City) is a separate state located within the city of Rome, Italy, that serves as the religious and administrative center of the Roman Catholic Church. It is the official home of the reigning Pope and the meeting place for the leaders, or cardinals, of the Church. It is recognized as its own country, one of the smallest sovereign states in Europe. Sources?

8. Number of Followers and Location • Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament.Christians believe Jesus is the son of God, God having become man and the savior of humanity. Christians, therefore, commonly refer to Jesus as Christ or Messiah. • Has about 2,000,000,000+ Why give me this first bullet point? What does it have to do with this particular slide? Instead made the graph big enough to read.

9. Important holidays and Ceremonies • Christmas is one of the most important holidays and that is because it is Jesus birthday. • Good Friday is another one because that is the day Jesus died on the cross for our sins. • Easter Sunday is a important holiday because http://christianity.about.com/od/holidaytips/qt/whatisgoodfrida.htm

10. Impact on World history • Christmas, of course, is to honor the birth of a humble itinerant rabbi from the ancient world. Emperors and governors have come and gone, but it is this man Jesus whose birth we still celebrate 2000 years later. We hope everyone can enjoy this account in the delightful spirit of Christmas. • Even most non-Christians at least respect Jesus as a great moral teacher. In addition, few would argue that this one man has had more impact on the world than any person in history. Putting aside the supernatural, let's examine how the person of Jesus impacted the course of history. • The impact of Christianity on world history is huge. Our very calendars were set to indicate how long it has been since Christ's birth, although the humans who calculated it may have been mistaken. • Jesus is arguably the most influential person who ever lived. He is thecreator of Christianity, the largest civilization of today. Christianity hasevolved the world, and changed how people think, and live. Ancient timeswould have been drastically different if Jesus was never born. Theconstitution and laws of vast amounts of countries would be different, andcolossal amounts of lives would have been spared in the ancient world. Jesuswas only on Earth for a short amount of time, and yet he left behind a giantimprint. • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_Christianity's_impact_on_world_history • http://www.scribd.com/doc/7950/How-Jesus-and-Christianity-changed-the-World

11. Examples of Ethnocentrism • This slide needs to be complete in order to pass this assignment. Look at the assignment sheet, this is one of the key standards that I am checking that you have mastered. Without this slide being complete I cannot pass you.

12. Works Sited • Slide – 5 http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Who_was_Abraham_from_the_bible • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Who_was_Paul_in_the_Bible • http://www.abideinchrist.com/selah/jun3.html • Slide 7 for Vatican • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_Vatican Please spell Cited correctly. I already pointed this out last time. Twice is embarrassing. Also be consistent with your Works cited, either include it on the page or place them all at the end. This is very confusing picking and choosing where to cite your sources.

13. Buddhism No Picture?

14. Holy Writings • Another holy book of the Buddhist religion is the Tripitaka is the oldest piece of writing with Buddhas teachings in it. It was first made after the death of the Buddha when 500 of his disciples all came up with the Tripitaka. • The Holy Book of the Buddhist is The Diamond Sutra, this book is one of themost important Buddhist book. It urges readers to not be blinded by what has been told to them and believe what they think is right. The earliest copy that is still intact is dated to be made in 868 A.D. No one is really sure what year it was originally written in. The book itself was not written in India where Buddhism began but actually in China, yet it is still very important to all Buddhists. • http://sbhumanitiesbuddhism209.wikispaces.com/Holy+Books

15. Important and Major beliefs • One fundamental belief of Buddhism is often referred to as reincarnation -- the concept that people are reborn after dying. In fact, most individuals go through many cycles of birth, living, death and rebirth. A practicing Buddhist differentiates between the concepts of rebirth and reincarnation. In reincarnation, the individual may recur repeatedly. In rebirth, a person does not necessarily return to Earth as the same entity ever again. He compares it to a leaf growing on a tree. When the withering leaf falls off, a new leaf will eventually replace it. It is similar to the old leaf, but it is not identical to the original leaf • After many such cycles, if a person releases their attachment to desire and the self, they can attain Nirvana. This is a state of liberation and freedom from suffering. • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_major_beliefs_in_Buddhism

16. Deities • Medicine Buddha can help decrease physical and mental illness and suffering. • The celestial Buddha named Hotei or Pu-Tai is best known as the jolly Laughing Buddha. In China, he is known as the Loving or Friendly One. He is based on an eccentric Chinese Ch'an (Zen) monk who lived over 1,000 years ago and has become a significant part of Buddhist and Shinto culture. Because of this monk's benevolent nature, he came to be regarded as an incarnation of the bodhisattva who will be Maitreya (the Future Buddha). His large protruding stomach and jolly smile have given him the common designation "Laughing Buddha." • Sources? This slide has some major issues. Starting with the fact that Buddhist do not really believe in a creator god. Reexamine everything on this slide or find sources that you can cite.

17. Important Figures • Ananda The Buddha's cousin and one of his primary disciples. He memorized and recited the Buddha's teachings, and so was known as the Dhammabhandagarika, "treasurer of the teachings." Dalai LamaLeader of Tibet and Tibetan Buddhism. The current Dalai Lama is Tenzin Gyatso. Gautama The given name of the historical Buddha.Nhat Hanh, Thich(1926-) Expatriate Vietnamese Zen Buddhist monk, teacher, author, poet and peace activist. Sakyamuni "Sage of the Sakya tribe." Another name for the historical Buddha. • http://www.religionfacts.com/buddhism/people.htm

18. History and Geography • Founded: Buddhism was founded in the sixth century BCE by Siddhartha Gautama (may also be spelled as "Gotama"). Siddhartha was a prince born in Lumbini near the border of present day India and Nepal. His dissatifaction with the nature of suffering and the answers of existing religion led him in a quest which eventually brought him to enlightenment, and thus the title, the Buddha--meaning "an enlightened one". • http://www.bellbookandcandlepublications.com/greenwoodsvillage/gor/buddhist.php • Poor source. Last updated in 1998! Find a better source!

19. Important Religion SitesSources? • Nepal -Siddhartha Gautama, the future Buddha, was born at Lumbini near the Shakyan capital of Kapilavastu in the southern region of Nepal known as the terai. The 5th-century Chinese pilgrim Fa-hsien described Kapilavastu as a "great scene of empty desolation", populated by a few monks. • Buddhist India- • Bodh Gaya (Bihar) Before his death, the Buddha enjoined his followers to make pilgrimages to four sites Lumbini, where he was born; Uruvela (modern Bodh Gaya), the site of his enlightenment; Sarnath, the place of his first sermon; and Kushinara, where he died. Each of these sites may be visited today, and Bodh Gaya remains the most sacred of the four.

20. Number of Followers and Location • While estimates vary between 200-500 million adherents, the generally agreed number of Buddhists is estimated at around 350 million (6% of the world's population). This makes Buddhism the world's fourth largest religion. • http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/history/bud_statwrld.htm http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/history/bud_statwrld.htm

21. Important holidays and ceremonies • Buddhist New YearIn Theravadin countries, Thailand, Burma, Sri Lanka, Cambodia and Laos, the new year is celebrated for three days from the first full moon day in April. In Mahayana countries the new year starts on the first full moon day in January. However, the Buddhist New Year depends on the country of origin or ethnic background of the people. As for example, Chinese, Koreans and Vietnamese celebrate late January or early February according to the lunar calendar, whilst the Tibetans usually celebrate about one month laterVesak or Visakah Puja ("Buddha Day")Traditionally, Buddha's Birthday is known as Vesak or Visakah Puja (Buddha's Birthday Celebrations). Vesak is the major Buddhist festival of the year as it celebrates the birth, enlightenment and death of the Buddha on the one day, the first full moon day in May, except in a leap year when the festival is held in June. This celebration is called Vesak being the name of the month in the Indian calendar. • A picture would make a lot of sense on this page. Also where are your sources?

22. Impact on world history • there are somewhere around a billion people who call themselves Buddhists. So now there are, in many countries around the world, Buddhist temples and centers; there are whole countries where the main religion is Buddhism and there are countless rituals, ceremonies, superstitions, and other sorts of beliefs that have roots, at least partly in Buddha's teachings. • Wait under # of followers you state no more than 500 million. Which is correct you are contradicting yourself. Where is the source on this page? Use a third source to verify your information.

23. Examples of Ethnocentrism • See slide of Christianity.

24. Works Cited • Slide22 http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_did_Buddha_influence_world_history • Slide16 http://www.religionfacts.com/buddhism/store/medicine_buddha.htm • Slide 21 • Slide 14 • http://sbhumanitiesbuddhism209.wikispaces.com/Holy+Books • Slide 19 • http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/history/sites.htm • Again, make up your mind and be consistent with your works cited. This one is at least spelled correctly. Chose either to place it all on the slide or all at the end. And DO NOT use any wiki type sources.

25. Judaism • Picture would be nice

26. Holy Writings • Tanakh Composition: The complete Jewish Bible is composed of 24 books • Traditionally, the written and oral Torah. The written Torah is Tanakh, the Five Books of Moses. (Bereshit, "In the beginning," also called Genesis; Shemot, "Names," also called Exodus; Vayikra, "He called," also called Leviticus; Bamidbar, "In the desert," also called Numbers; and Devarim, "Words," also called Deuteronomy). The oral Torah is the discussions and interpretations of those scriptures applied into law and practice over time, collected in Talmud and Mishnah • Who wrote the Torah? When? What role does it have in other religions’ writings? Where are your sources and a picture?

27. Important and Major beliefs Judaism teaches that every person (Jewish and non-Jewish) was created "b'tzelem Elohim," which is Hebrew for "in the image of God." For this reason every person is equally important and has an infinite potential to do good in the world. People have the freewill to make choices in their lives and each of us is responsible for the consequences of those choices. More detail. Sources?

28. Deities Sources? Judaism is a monotheistic faith, meaning that Jews believe there is only One God. Often this God is beyond our ability to comprehend, but God is nevertheless present in our everyday lives. How individual Jews choose to understand this manifestation of the divine varies. Some connect with God through prayer, others see the divine in the majesty of the natural world, others may not think about God on a daily basis. Each individual's relationship with God is unique and personal.

29. Important Figures • Some important people in Judaism history are Abraham, Moses, Jesus of Nazareth, Baruch Spinoza, and Marc Chagall • Abraham is considered the father of monotheism and a role model for his rejection of idol worship. He is a central figure in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Moses is the leader who brought the Isrealites out of slavery in Egypt and provided them with what is known as the Ten Commandments. Jesus of Nazareth was a Jewish teacher who used parables to show ethical ideas. Baruch Spinoza worked as a lens grinder and made lenses for telescopes that were part of the most important scientific instruments in that era. He is recognized as a founder of modern biblical critisism. Marc Chagall was a Jewish painter and many of his paintings showed the Biblical theme reflecting his Jewish heritage. • Sources?

30. History and Geography • Within forty years of the invention of printing in the mid-fifteenth century, Hebrew books were produced using this new technology. Through the second half of the fifteenth century, Hebrew printing was restricted mainly to the Italian and Iberian peninsulas, where some 180 Hebrew titles were issued. While Hebrew printing ceased in Spain and Portugal after the expulsion of the Jews in 1492, it quickly spread to the Ottoman Empire, North Africa, and Central and Eastern Europe. By the end of the sixteenth century, Hebrew printed books were being produced throughout most of the Jewish world. • Judaism is Purple on the map • Revise with the history of Judaism Not the history of Jewish printing. Sources?

31. Important Religion Sites • The Western Wall (Jerusalem): Part of a vast retaining wall built by Herod around the Temple Mount, this is the most visible structure remaining from the Second Temple complex. Judaism's great legacy to the world is spiritual, but the massive stones of the Wall, each with its perfectly carved border, are testimony to the physical grandeur of the ancient Jewish world. Over the centuries, this enduring fragment of The Temple complex has come to symbolize the indestructible attachment of the Jewish people to the land of Israel. For more than 1,000 years, under Islamic governments, the Wall was the closest point that Jews were permitted to approach to the place where the ancient Temple of Jerusalem once stood. Because of the sanctity of the Temple Mount itself, very observant Jews do not go farther than the Wall to this day. • Dome of the Rock (Jerusalem): A gloriously beautiful Islamic shrine, built in A.D. 691, covers the rock believed to have been the altar or foundation stone of the First and Second Temples. According to Jewish tradition, the rock was the altar upon which Abraham prepared to sacrifice Isaac; Islamic tradition holds that it was Abraham's first son, Ishmael, the father of the Arabic people, whom Abraham was called upon to sacrifice, either at this rock or at Mecca. The rock is also believed to have been the point from which the Prophet Mohammed ascended to glimpse heaven during the miraculous night journey described in the 17th Sura of the Koran. • Sources? Pictures of these would make a lot of sense too.

32. Number of followers and LocationSources? • As already mentioned, Jews can be found all over the world. The largest number of Jews lives in Israel with 5.7 million. The United States has 5.2 million Jews. While those numbers are close, the percentage of the population that is Jewish in each of those countries is a world apart. In Israel it is 75%. In the United States, it is only 1.7%. France comes in third when it comes to number of Judaism followers with 483,000.

33. Important holidays and ceremonies • For most of its history, Hanukkah has been a rather minor holiday. But in the late 19th century it began to gain popularity and today it is one of the most celebrated Jewish holidays (neck-and-neck with Passover, according to one source {1}). • The Jewish calendar is lunar, with each month beginning on the new moon. The new months used to be determined by observation. When the new moon was observed, the Sanhedrin declared the beginning of a new month and sent out messengers to tell people when the month began. People in distant communities could not always be notified of the new moon (and therefore, of the first day of the month), so they did not know the correct day to celebrate. They knew that the old month would be either 29 or 30 days, so if they didn't get notice of the new moon, they celebrated holidays on both possible days • Rosh Hashanah is celebrated as two days everywhere (in Israel and outside Israel), because it occurs on the first day of a month. Messengers were not dispatched on the holiday, so even people in Israel did not know whether a new moon had been observed, and everybody celebrated two days. The practice was also maintained as a custom after the mathematical calendar was adopted.

34. Impact on world history • There is a striking point that runs through Jewish history as a whole. Western civilization was born in the Middle East, and the Jews were at its crossroads. In the heyday of Rome, the Jews were close to the Empire’s center. When power shifted eastward, the Jewish center was in Babylon; when it skipped to Spain, there again were the Jews. When in the Middle Ages the center of civilization moved into Central Europe, the Jews were waiting for it in Germany and Poland. The rise of the United States to the leading world power found Judaism focused there. And now, today, when the pendulum seems to be swinging back toward the Old World and the East rises to renewed importance, there again are the Jews in Israel… • - Professor Huston Smith • Could definitely be improved on.

35. Examples of Ethnocentrism • Again see the Christianity slide for Ethnocentrism.

36. Works Sited • Slide 26 • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_Jewish_Holy_Books_called • Slide27 • http://judaism.about.com/od/judaismbasics/a/whatdojewsbelieve.htm • Slide 30 • http://www.library.upenn.edu/exhibits/cajs/exhibit1996/Geography.html • Slide 32 • http://www.faithexplained.com/judaism-followers/ • Slide 34 • http://www.simpletoremember.com/articles/a/impactofthejews/ • Please fix spelling and any wiki type sources need to verified with an actual source.

37. Teacher Comments • You still have some work to do. Please look at all the comments. If you have questions let me know. Much of this assignments revolves around finding good sources: many of your sources are questionable. One tip do not put in questions in your search engine, rather use key words. Questions tend to pop up poor sources such as wikis or answers.com type sources. You will need to find new sources for anything that has wiki type source and verify the information to make sure it is accurate. Look at the standards using high quality sources is a large part of this project. • Also the ethnocentrism slides must be completed. That is one of the key state standards that you are mastering with this project. • Your grade continues to not be a passing grade. Please revise and turn in for a passing grade.