ENG 3UI

1. ENG 3UI Exam Preparation & Review

2. Formal Writing Rules • Write in present tense • Stay in 3rd person • Avoid short forms, contractions, etc • Use formal language (i.e. children, not kids or film, not movie) • Use transitions

3. Use Present Tense Past Tense Present Tense The 1995 film Billy Madison, directed by Tamra Davis, explored the dangers of sloth and gluttony in the post-modern world. Billy’s girlfriend, Veronica Vaughn, observed how useless some individuals are. “Some people just drift through life like lumps of crap” (Davis 1995). Billycelebrated the smallest accomplishments because he failedto achieve anything great in his life due to laziness. The 1995 film Billy Madison, directed by Tamra Davis, explores the dangers of sloth and gluttony in the post-modern world. Billy’s girlfriend, Veronica Vaughn, observes how useless some individuals are. “Some people just drift through life like lumps of crap” (Davis 1995). Billy celebrates the smallest accomplishments because he fails to achieve anything great in his life due to laziness.

4. Use Present Tense Tip: Check your verbs. Write as if it is happening.

5. Use Transition words Examples When to use them • Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly • As well • Furthermore • Finally • Hence, Therefore • In comparison and In contrast • To connect paragraphs • To connect ideas in a paragraph • To link back to the thesis • To show difference and similarities

6. Missing Transition Words Use Transition words Ballet and football can be considered on opposite sides of the spectrum, they both have a risk of injury because they employ physical activity. Football is extremely violent sport. The purpose of the game is to make sure you have the ball, and if you don’t, then you use any means necessary, like tackling, to get the ball. Football greatly depends on the strength. Injury can come about from getting crushed beneath a 300 pound man or perhaps even suffer a broken jaw from a ball hitting you in the face. Ballet is an art that involves a bunch of girls making their bodies move to some music. Ballet depends mostly on grace and beauty leaving not room for throwing balls. Ballet focuses on pushing muscles to the maximum. In order for you to jump as high in the air as a typical ballerina does, you need a strong, well developed physique. Because of their intense muscle training there is risk of injury such as sprained ankles. Football is seen as more of a dangerous sport and ballet as a graceful art, both activities can cause injury because they both have a fair amount of physical activity.

7. Using Transition Words Though ballet and football can be considered on opposite sides of the spectrum, they both have a risk of injury because they employ physical activity. On the one hand, football is extremely violent sport. The purpose of the game is to make sure you have the ball, and if you don’t, then you use any means necessary, like tackling, to get the ball. Football greatly depends on the strength; therefore injury can come about from getting crushed beneath a 300 pound man or perhaps even suffer a broken jaw from a ball hitting you in the face. On the other hand, ballet is an art that involves a bunch of girls making their bodies move to some music. Because of this ballet depends mostly on grace and beauty leaving not room for throwing balls. However, just like football, ballet focuses on pushing muscles to the maximum. In order for you to jump as high in the air as a typical ballerina does, you need a strong, well developed physique. Because of their intense muscle training there is risk of injury such as sprained ankles. Although football is seen as more of a dangerous sport and ballet as a graceful art, both activities can cause injury because they both have a fair amount of physical activity.

8. Using Transition Words TIP: If you look at your paragraph and cannot easily identify several transition word you should add some!

9. Quotations • Quotations must be introduced • They cannot stand alone • They must be referenced (author last name, page).

10. Quotations– Not incorporated properly • The 1995 film Billy Madison, directed by Tamra Davis, explores the dangers of sloth and gluttony in the post-modern world. Billy’s girlfriend, Veronica Vaughn, observes how useless some individuals are. “Some people just drift through life like lumps of crap” (Davis 1995). Billy celebrates the smallest accomplishments because he fails to achieve anything great in his life due to laziness. “I drew the duck blue because I’ve never seen a blue duck before” (Davis 1995). He also embarrasses his father in front of important business clients by speaking “gibberish” due to his gluttonous, self-indulgent behaviour. Billy’s father gets angry. “Please Billy, no gibberish today” (Davis 1995). Finally, due to his gluttony, Billy abuses alcohol and drugs and engages in ridiculously immature behaviours, including chasing an imaginary penguin around his father’s estate. “Come back Mr. Penguin! I won’t hurt you!” (Davis 1995). Clearly, the dangers of sloth and gluttony, including the failure to achieve and engaging in dangerous and embarrassing behaviours, are explored in Billy Madison.

11. Quotations– Incorporated Properly The 1995 film Billy Madison, directed by Tamra Davis, explores the dangers of sloth and gluttony in the post-modern world. Billy’s girlfriend, Veronica Vaughn, observes how useless some individuals are by stating, “Some people just drift through life like lumps of crap” (Davis 1995). • This quotation is introduced with a statement and a comma. • Adding phrases such as she states, she says, she believes are an easy way to introduce a quotation

12. Quotations– Incorporated Properly • Billy celebrates the smallest accomplishments because he fails to achieve anything great in his life due to laziness:“I drew the duck blue because I’ve never seen a blue duck before” (Davis 1995). • By adding a colon (:) after the introductory statement this quotation is incorporated properly. • Introductory statement: “quote”(reference). • Remember when using a quotation from a novel it is (author, pg) for the reference

13. Quotations– Incorporated Properly He also embarrasses his father in front of important business clients by speaking “gibberish” due to his gluttonous, self-indulgent behaviour. Billy’s father gets angry and says, “Please Billy, no gibberish today” (Davis 1995). • Again by connecting the quotation to the previous sentence and adding text the quotation is now properly integrated.

14. Quotations– Incorporated Properly • Finally, due to his gluttony, Billy abuses alcohol and drugs and engages in ridiculously immature behaviours, including chasing an imaginary penguin around his father’s estate. An example of this is when Billy yells “Come back Mr. Penguin! I won’t hurt you!” (Davis 1995). • By incorporating the quotation into a greater sentence the quotation is now properly integrated

15. Quotations TIP: If your sentence looks like this: Lalalala. “my quote starts here”. Lalalala. You have not seamlessly incorporated it.

16. When writing a compare and contrast essay you are essentially looking for both similarities and differences. Every point has to have an area that is similar and within that point there needs to be difference. • Looking at the question asked your point of comparison is the level of care. The similarity and differences will support the point– see example on the next slide. Comparing & Contrasting How to come up with what to compare and contrast. For example, if you notice dogs need constant care and cats need less care would compare (they both need care) or contrast (dog needs lots of care, cats do not).

17. All household pets need care, but before purchasing a pet the owner must evaluate the level of care he or she is willing to provide as different animals have varying needs. A potential pet owner with a very busy life should consider a lower maintenance pet like a cat. Cats require very little care. They need to be fed daily, and their litter box needs to changed regularly. Cats do not need to be exercised and they take care of many of their own grooming needs. In contrast dogs need greater care. They need to be fed daily, exercised daily and bathed regularly. Not to mention their constant need to be let out of the house for their bathroom needs. Therefore, while all animals need care it is up to the potential pet owner to determine the time they have to commit to pet care before deciding on their new pet. Comparing & Contrasting How to come up with what to compare and contrast. For example, if you notice dogs need constant care and cats need less care would compare (they both need care) or contrast (dog needs lots of care, cats do not).

18. Comparing & Contrasting TIP: The two things must have something in common even if your are focusing on their differences. TIP: Look for the big conclusions you can make by comparing them

19. Thesis Statements • Example Thesis Statements • Compare Because of their extreme actions to gain riches, the stepsisters in the Grimm’s “Ashiepattle” and Mathilde in de Maupassant’s “The Necklace” suggests that humankind is inherently selfish and greedy. • Contrast While the gruesome behavior of the stepsisters in the Grimm’s “Ashiepattle” suggests that women will do anything to marry a rich man, the self-serving actions of Mathilde in de Maupassant’s “The Necklace” suggests that a woman will so anything to give the appearance of wealth in the face of others; thus, taken together, these two texts suggest that selfish women will do anything to gain the advantages perceived wealth brings.

20. Overarching points (topic sentences) • Avoid making points like: The stepsisters are punished for their sins when their sister, Ashiepattle, marries the Prince, while Mathilde is punished for her sins when in a twist of fate she discovers she has worked her entire life to replace a fake necklace. • Instead Make an Overarching Point like: Those who act in a selfish and greedy manner are punished in an appropriate way.