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Prison Riots: Lessons Learned

Prison Riots: Lessons Learned. Dr. Michelle Kilburn February 4,2010. Dr. Michelle Kilburn. “Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire.” - William Butler Yeats. Top Three Topic Picks. Why Individuals May Choose to Commit Crime Prison Riots: Lessons Learned

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Prison Riots: Lessons Learned

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  1. Prison Riots: Lessons Learned Dr. Michelle Kilburn February 4,2010

  2. Dr. Michelle Kilburn “Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire.” - William Butler Yeats

  3. Top Three Topic Picks • Why Individuals May Choose to Commit Crime • Prison Riots:Lessons Learned • The Role of Research & Statistics in Criminal Justice

  4. Top Three Topic Rejects • Mean, Median and Mode: Your New BFFs • Shank-Making 101 • A Survey of Donuts and Other Pastry Favorites Rejected

  5. World-Wide Comparisons • How Do You Think We Compare? • Over 9 million people are incarcerated worldwide • Almost 50% are housed in Russia, United States & China • United States: 714 per 100,000 • Russia: 532 per 100,000 • China: 118 per 100,000 • Rates of 150 per 100,000 or below in 58% of the countries Source: National Institute of Corrections, World Prison Population List 2005

  6. Lifetime Chance of Imprisonment • The lifetime chances of going to prison were about 6 times higher for men (11.3 percent) than women (1.8 percent). • If the 2001 rates of incarceration were continued indefinitely: • 1 of every 3 Black Males • 1 of every 6 Hispanic Males • 1 of every 17 White Males • 1 in 37 adults living in the U.S. on December 31, 2001 had been confined in prison at some time during his or her life. • Source: Federal Bureau of Justice Statistics http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=836 Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prevalence of Imprisonment in the U.S. Population, 1974-2001.

  7. Discussion Outline • A Sample of Prison Riots • Attica, New York – Inmate Rights • Santa Fe, New Mexico– Overcrowding • Pelican Bay, California– Racism • Inmate Rights • The Role of Grievance Procedures • Riot Predictors • Prevention Efforts

  8. Food For Thought • "A society should be judged not by how it treats its outstanding citizens, but by how it treats its criminals."  • ~Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky

  9. Why We Care…. • Paved the way to address inmate rights in the United States • Often an indicator of other serious problems in the institution • Racism • Over-crowding • Allows us to studypredictors and effective institution management

  10. Attica, New York (1971) "If we can't live as men, we sure as hell can die as men"- Attica prisoner

  11. Attica, New York (1971) • Presented administration with a set of demands • 43 individuals killed • 39 inmates killed by officers retaking the prison • Prisoners were stripped and beaten after officers obtained control • Served as national recognition of the growing political consciousness of prisoners • Closed the chapter in official misuse of power and physical abuse of prisoners

  12. Sante Fe, New Mexico (1980)

  13. Sante Fe, New Mexico • No Agenda or Demands initially • Melee of torture for personal revenge or profit • Killed 33 fellow inmates • Symbolized a new prison era where prisoners have little to fear from officials and everything to fear from fellow inmates • The importance of officer training and supervision was reinforced

  14. Pelican Bay, California (2000)

  15. Prison Riots: Lessons Learned • Grievance Procedures play a vital role in maintaining order • Hands-off Doctrine revoked • Inmate management & classification are crucial in over-crowdedpopulations • Staff training and supervision is undeniably important

  16. Prisoner’s Rights • Access to Courts, Legal Services & Materials • Freedom of Press & Expression • Freedom of Religion • Medical Rights • Cruel & Unusual Punishment • Overall Prison Conditions

  17. Grievance Procedures

  18. Grievance Process Ohio Dept of Rehabilitation & Corrections http://www.drc.state.oh.us/web/UGP%20Manual.pdf

  19. Potential Riot Predictors

  20. Preventing Prison Riots

  21. What Can You Take Away From Today’s Discussion?

  22. Resources • Dr. Thomas O'Connor, Program Manager of CJ and Homeland Security, Director, Institute for Global Security Studies, Austin Peay State University Ctr. at Ft. Campbell • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/rockefellers/sfeature/sf_5.html • http://corrections.state.nm.us/prisons/pnm.html • Corrections in the 21st Century, Schmalleger & Smykla, 2005 • Inmate Behavior Management: The Key to a Safe and Secure Jail, US Dept of Justicehttp://nicic.gov/Downloads/PDF/Library/023882.pdf • http://codes.ohio.gov/oac/5120-9-31

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