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The Neolithic Revolution. Chapter 1.2. I will be able TO:. Describe technological and artistic achievements of the Paleolithic Age Define and describe the Neolithic Revolution Give examples of advantages and disadvantages of hunter-gatherer societies and farming villages. New Tool kits.
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The Neolithic Revolution Chapter 1.2
I will be able TO: • Describe technological and artistic achievements of the Paleolithic Age • Define and describe the Neolithic Revolution • Give examples of advantages and disadvantages of hunter-gatherer societies and farming villages
New Tool kits • Paleolithic hunter-gatherers developed sophisticated tool kits • Knives, fish hooks, chisels, needles • Specialized tools for specific purposes
Paleolithic Art • Stone Age artists create paintings and decorative objects • Represented significant ideas: • Religion • Celebrations • Informational lessons • Leadership Early development of writing!
Hunting and Gathering • Using wild animals and plants for food • Migrate seasonally • Live in family or tribal groups
H/G Advantages • Land supplies whatever is needed • Movement is easier when food is scarce • Life encourages cooperation and language skills • Special weapons and tools develop for hunting and digging up plants
H/G Disadvantages • People are always searching for new food sources • It is more difficult to store food • People must carry everything along when traveling • Only simple social organization is possible
Neolithic revolution • Warming climate and growing population lead to development of agriculture • Early farmers practice slash-and-burn farming • Domestication of animals • Breaks Malthus’ food v. population growth cycle
Neolithic Communities • Raise herds of tame animals • Plant seeds and raise crops • Live in permanent settlements
Neolithic advantages • Crops provide reliable food supply • Population grows as life becomes more complex • Societies become more complex • Trade increases and commerce develops • Division of labor allows workers to specialize
Neolithic Disadvantages • Crop failures due to weather or pests • Floods, famine, or raiders could destroy villages • Disease spreads easily when people live together
Global Growth • Farming develops in many regions around the world as farmers learn to cultivate a variety of plants • Early centers of agriculture: • Africa • China • Mexico and Central America • Peru