Harry Harlow

1. Harry Harlow KAYLA MICHELE YOUNG

2. Biography • Born Harry Israel in Fairfield, Iowa on October 31, 1905 • Second Youngest of four brothers • Attended Reed College in Portland, OR then transferred to Stanford University. (because of his special aptitude test grades). • Majored in English, but changed to psychology because he was failing. • Studied Under Lewis Ternan (creator of the Stanford-Binet IQ Test) • Received his PhD in 1930 and changed his last name to his father’s middle name, Harlow.

3. Biography (Continued) • After becoming a PhD, Harlow accepted a job as a professor at the University of Wisconsin • In 1932 he married Clara Mears, one of the children that Harlow’s mentor Ternan studied with an IQ over 150. • Had two children, Robert and Richard with Mears, and then divorced in 1946. • In 1946, Harlow married child psychologist Margaret Kuenne and they had two children named Pamela and Jonathan and remained married until Kuenne’s death from cancer in 1970. • In 1971, Harlow remarried Clara Mears and remained married to her until his death in 1981, the couple resided in Tucson, AZ.

4. Time Line of Employment and Achievements • 30-44 Staff, University of Wisconsin at Madison; Married Clara Mears • 39-40 * Carnegie Fellow of Anthropology at Columbia University • 44-74 George Cary Comstock Research Professor of Psychology • 47-48 President, Midwestern Psychological Association • 50-51 President of Division of Experimental Psychology, American Psychological Association • 50-52 Head of Human Resources Research Branch of Department of Army • 53-55 Head of Division of Anthropology and Psychology of National Research Council • 56 * Howard Crosby Warren Medal • 56-74 Director of Primate Lab, University of Wisconsin • 58-59 President, American Psychological Association • 59,65 Sigma Xi National Lecturer • 1960 * Distinguished Psychologist Award, APA / Messenger Lecturer at Cornell University • 61-71 Director of Regional Primate Research Center • 64-65 President of Division of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, APA • 67 * National Medal of Science • 71 Harris Lecturer at Northwestern University / Remarried Clara Mears, Children: 3 Sons, 1 Daughter • 72 Martin Rehfuss Lecturer at Jefferson Medical College / * Gold Medal from American Psychological Foundation / * Annual Award from Society for the Scientific Study of Sex • 74 University of Arizona (Tucson) Honorary Research Professor of Psychology • 75 * Von Gieson Award from New York State Psychiatric Institute • 76 * International Award from Kittay Scientific Foundation

5. Secure Attachment Theory (greatest accomplishment) • Primate Laboratory at University of Wisconsin • In Harlow's initial experiments infant monkeys were separated from their mothers at six to twelve hours after birth and were raised instead with substitute or 'surrogate' mothers made either of heavy wire or of wood covered with soft terry cloth • In one experiment both types of surrogates were present in the cage, but only one was equipped with a nipple from which the infant could nurse. Some infants received nourishment from the wire mother, and others were fed from the cloth mother. Even when the wire mother was the source of nourishment, the infant monkey spent a greater amount of time clinging to the cloth surrogate. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KlfOecrr6kI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsA5Sec6dAI

6. Friends • Mary Ainsworth • Lewis Ternan • Clara Mears • Margaret Kuenne • John Bowlby

7. Interests • Animal Planet • Planet of the Apes • A Baby Story (Surrogate Edition) • Sarah Jessica Parker • Curious George • Reeses Pieces • Love Connection • No Strings Attached • Desperate Housewives • Love and Other Drug