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Sulfate Aerosols. Ozone Depletion. Aerosols – particulate matter in the atmosphere (soot, dust, etc. ) Kump et al. Figure 1-4 shows a curious decline in T s between about 1940 and 1980? Sulfate aerosols reflect sunlight
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Sulfate Aerosols Ozone Depletion Aerosols – particulate matter in the atmosphere (soot, dust, etc.) Kump et al. Figure 1-4 shows a curious decline in Ts between about 1940 and 1980? Sulfate aerosols reflect sunlight Industrialization has increased CO2 but also “dust”, counteracting the greenhouse effect and lowering observed climate sensitivity There are local, regional and global effects of aerosols We need to study the whole climate system! • Ozone (O3) is produced naturally in the stratosphere • Ozone absorbs harmful UV rays before they reach the Earth’s surface • Ozone destruction by CFC’s:
Deforestation Paleoclimatology • Geologic Time – Kump et al. Figure 1-8 • Long-time climate change • “snowball Earth” • PETM (Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum)/Cretaceous hot-house climates • Glacial-interglacial cycles • Climate proxies and what they mean – How do we know about these ancient climate regimes? Loss of biodiversity Loss of habitat Changes in land use can alter the physical climate as well as the biosphere (e.g. by changing the albedo)