The Digestive Tract

1. The Digestive Tract Additional Resources The individual slides may be printed off as worksheets – where answers are required, they follow on the next slide. Slide 2 – Insulin Function Quiz Slide 3 – Insulin Function Quiz Answers Slide 4 – Enzyme Action Quiz Slide 5 – Enzyme Action Quiz Answers Slide 6 – Summary Quiz Slide 7 – Summary Quiz Answers Slide 8 – Wordsearch Slide 9 – Further Recommended Activities www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A

2. Insulin Function Quiz Glucose is absorbed from the small intestine into the bloodstream Glucose is taken into fat and muscle cells Blood glucose levels rise Insulin is released from the pancreas Glucose is taken into liver cells and stored as glycogen Blood glucose levels fall www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A

3. Insulin Function Quiz Answers Glucose is taken into liver cells and stored as glycogen Glucose is absorbed from the small intestine into the bloodstream Blood glucose levels rise Insulin is released from the pancreas Blood glucose levels fall Glucose is taken into fat and muscle cells www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A

4. Enzyme Action Quiz Amylase Fats Saccharides (e.g. maltose) Protein Amino acids Protease Fatty acids & glycerol Starch Lipase www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A

5. Enzyme Action Quiz Answers www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A

6. Summary Quiz What enzyme is produced in saliva? What is name of the motion that moves food through the oesophagus? What is the purpose of the sphincter in the oesophagus? Is the lower oesophageal sphincter relaxed or contracted during vomiting? Name two substances which aid food breakdown in the stomach Where does food in the stomach travel to? What are two functions of bile? What are two functions of the pancreas? What does insulin do to blood glucose levels? What is the main function of the small intestine? Which two features of the small intestine help absorption, and why? What is the main substance reabsorbed from food in the large intestine? Why is bicarbonate released into the small intestine? What is the appendix connected to? What is appendicitis? What does faeces pass through to reach the outside world?  www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A

7. Summary Quiz Answers What enzyme is produced in saliva? Amylase What is name of the motion that moves food through the oesophagus? Peristalsis What is the purpose of the sphincter in the oesophagus? To prevent reflux of food/stomach contents Is the lower oesophageal sphincter relaxed or contracted during vomiting? Relaxed Name two substances which aid food breakdown in the stomach HCL and pepsin enzymes Where does food in the stomach travel to? The duodenum What are two functions of bile? To emulsify fats, and eliminate waste products What are two functions of the pancreas? To secrete hormones (insulin and glucagon) and digestive enzymes What does insulin do to blood glucose levels? Lowers blood glucose levels What is the main function of the small intestine? Nutrient absorption Which two features of the small intestine help absorption, and why? Villi and microvilli, increase surface area What is the main substance reabsorbed from food in the large intestine? Water Why is bicarbonate released into the small intestine? To neutralise acid produced by bacteria What is the appendix connected to? The caecum (large intestine) What is appendicitis? Inflammation of the appendix What does faeces pass through to reach the outside world? The anus www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A

8. Word search Amylase Faeces Bolus Peristalsis Rectum Emulsification Oesophagus Incisors Sphincter Canines Pepsin Molars Churning Glucose Bile Amino-acids Pancreas Proteins Lipase Chyme Instructions: Once you have found each word, write a sentence about what you understand about the words role in the process of digestion. www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A

9. Recommended Activities • Demonstrate the gravity countering effects of peristalsis by asking one student to eat a small piece of food while standing on their head. • Lay out some large sheets of paper and draw round one of the students, then draw the digestive tract on to it, and label the organs, writing bullet points on the functions of each. • Ask the students to chew and feel the chewing muscles at the top and bottom of the sides of the face. www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A