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Dimensional analysis and Units of Measurements

Dimensional analysis and Units of Measurements. Dimensional analysis. Dimensional analysis uses conversion factors to convert from one unit to another. Also called Factor Label (and railroad tracks) You do this in your head all the time How many quarters are in 4 dollars? .

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Dimensional analysis and Units of Measurements

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  1. Dimensional analysisand Units of Measurements

  2. Dimensional analysis • Dimensional analysis uses conversion factors to convert from one unit to another. • Also called Factor Label (and railroad tracks) • You do this in your head all the time • How many quarters are in 4 dollars?

  3. Dimensional analysis practice 3 Big Mac = 7 salads 9 salads = 2 slices of pepperoni pizza 22 slices of pepperoni pizza = 27 Sonic cokes Ex. 1) What number of Big Macs equal 365.4 salads? Ex. 2) How many sonic cokes do you have to drink to equal 11 salads?

  4. Meter m Liter L Celsius C Units of Measurement

  5. Mass is the amount of matter, weight is a measure of the gravitational pull on matter

  6. SI Units

  7. PracticeIn each pair below, circle the larger

  8. PracticeIn each pair below, circle the larger

  9. PracticeIn each pair below, circle the larger

  10. PracticeIn each pair below, circle the larger

  11. PracticeIn each pair below, circle the larger

  12. Basic SI Units

  13. Metric Conversions Practice Ex. 3) 2.435 g __________________cg Ex. 4) 23.8 mL = ________________kL Ex. 5) 23.5 cs = ________________ns

  14. Some Useful Conversions Length: 1 in = 2.54 cm 1 mi = 5280 ft Volume: 1 cm3 = 1 mL 1 L = 1.06 qt Weight: 1 kg = 2.2 lb 16 oz = 1 lb 1 ton = 2000 lb

  15. Temperature Use both the Kelvin and Celsius scale, to convert • 20°C = K Celsius + 273 = Kelvin Kelvin -273 = Celsius

  16. Temperature Use both the Kelvin and Celsius scale, to convert • 20°C = 293 K Celsius + 273 = Kelvin Kelvin -273 = Celsius

  17. Temperature Use both the Kelvin and Celsius scale, to convert • 20°C = 293 K • 373 K = °C Celsius + 273 = Kelvin Kelvin -273 = Celsius

  18. Temperature Use both the Kelvin and Celsius scale, to convert • 20°C = 293 K • 373 K = 100 °C Celsius + 273 = Kelvin Kelvin -273 = Celsius

  19. Volume: measured in cubic centimeters (cm3) or liters • 1 liter (L) = 1 cubic decimeter (dm3) = 1000 millileters (mL) • 1 mL= 1 cm3

  20. Volume can be measure by Length x x or the Water Displacement method

  21. Volume can be measure by Length x width x or the Water Displacement method

  22. Volume can be measure by Length x width x height or the Water Displacement method

  23. Volume can be measure by Length x width x height or the Water Displacement method Know the relationship between the following volume units… L = mL = cm3(or cc in medical lingo)

  24. Volume can be measure by Length x width x height or the Water Displacement method Know the relationship between the following volume units… 1 L = mL = cm3(or cc in medical lingo)

  25. Volume can be measure by Length x width x height or the Water Displacement method Know the relationship between the following volume units… 1 L = 1000 mL = cm3(or cc in medical lingo)

  26. Volume can be measure by Length x width x height or the Water Displacement method Know the relationship between the following volume units… 1 L = 1000 mL = 1000 cm3(or cc in medical lingo)

  27. Density • Is the ratio of mass per unit of volume. How much matter is packed into a given amount of space • Density = mass/volume • D= m/v

  28. The Density of a substance stays regardless of the size of the sample. For example: if you cut a block of copper in half, you have decreased both the mass and volume, the ratio of the 2 stays the same. This is called an Intensive Physical Property.

  29. The Density of a substance stays constant regardless of the size of the sample. For example: if you cut a block of copper in half, you have decreased both the mass and volume, the ratio of the 2 stays the same. This is called an Intensive Physical Property.

  30. The appropriate units of density are: • for solids • for liquids

  31. The appropriate units of density are: • g/cm3for solids • for liquids

  32. The appropriate units of density are: • g/cm3for solids • g/mLfor liquids

  33. Example problems: • A sample of aluminum metal has a mass of 8.4g. The volume of the sample is 3.1 cm3. Calculate the Density of aluminum.

  34. Example problems: • A sample of aluminum metal has a mass of 8.4g. The volume of the sample is 3.1 cm3. Calculate the Density of aluminum. • 8.4 g/3.1 cm3 =

  35. Example problems: • A sample of aluminum metal has a mass of 8.4 g. The volume of the sample is 3.1 cm3. Calculate the Density of aluminum. • 8.4 g/3.1 cm3 = 2.7 g/cm3

  36. Example problems: • Diamond has a density of 3.26 g/cm3. What is the mass of a diamond that has a volume of 0.350 cm3?

  37. Example problems: • Diamond has a density of 3.26 g/cm3. What is the mass of a diamond that has a volume of 0.350 cm3? • 3.26 g/cm3 x 0.350 cm3 =

  38. Example problems: • Diamond has a density of 3.26 g/cm3. What is the mass of a diamond that has a volume of 0.350 cm3? • 3.26 g/cm3 x 0.350 cm3 = 1.14 g

  39. Example problems: • What is the volume of a sample of liquid mercury that has a mass of 76.2 g, given that the density of mercury is 13.6 g/mL?

  40. Example problems: • What is the volume of a sample of liquid mercury that has a mass of 76.2 g, given that the density of mercury is 13.6 g/mL? 76.2 g = 13.6 g/mL

  41. Example problems: • What is the volume of a sample of liquid mercury that has a mass of 76.2 g, given that the density of mercury is 13.6 g/mL? 76.2 g = 5.60 mL 13.6 g/mL

  42. Reliable Measurements • refers to the closeness of the measure value is to the , or real, value. • refers to how a series of measurements are to one another.

  43. Reliable Measurements • Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measure value is to the , or real, value. • refers to how a series of measurements are to one another.

  44. Reliable Measurements • Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measure value is to the accepted, or real, value. • refers to how a series of measurements are to one another.

  45. Reliable Measurements • Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measure value is to the accepted, or real, value. • Precision refers to how a series of measurements are to one another.

  46. Reliable Measurements • Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measure value is to the accepted, or real, value. • Precision refers to how close a series of measurements are to one another.

  47. is calculated by subtracting the value from the value.

  48. Error is calculated by subtracting the experimental value from the accepted value.

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