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Outline of Radiological Technology

Outline of Radiological Technology. Diagnostic Radiography Therapeutic Radiography. V.G.Wimalaena Principal School of Radiography. Radiological Technology. Radiological technology is a branch of Healthcare

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Outline of Radiological Technology

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  1. Outline of Radiological Technology Diagnostic Radiography Therapeutic Radiography V.G.Wimalaena Principal School of Radiography

  2. Radiological Technology • Radiological technology is a branch of Healthcare • It is the science (& art) that deals with diagnosis of diseases (by imaging) and treatment of some diseases using ionizing radiation

  3. Diagnostic Imaging modalities (branches) 1. Using ionizing radiation • Radiography – Producing images using X-rays • Plain radiography – • Static images (chest, skull, abdomen..) • Contrast Radiography • Static images (e.g. IVU….) • Dynamic images (Fluoroscopy) – (e.g. Barium studies, Coronary Angiography)

  4. Diagnostic Imaging …. • Mammography • Tomography (conventional) • Computerized Tomography (CT) • Computed Radiography (CR) • Digital Radiography (DR) • Digital Fluoroscopy • Digital Subraction Angiography • Nuclear Imaging (Radio-Isotope imaging) • Bone scan, renal studies, thyroid scans..SPECT, PET

  5. Diagnostic Imaging …. 2. Other modalities (that does not involve ionizing radiation) • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) • Ultra Sound scanning (US)

  6. Therapeutic Radiography • Treatment of Cancers using Ionizing radiation • Brachytherapy • Teletherapy

  7. Brachytherapy • The radiation source is kept as close as possible to the site of the tumour (usualy within the body) • To minimize the effect on the normal structures • To maximize the effectiveness of the treatment • Using beta rays, gamma rays • Positron therapy

  8. Teletherapy • The radiation source is out side the body and at a distance from the tumour • Cobolt 60 sources • High energy x-rays • Linear accelerators

  9. Who are we? • Radiological technologists/Radiographers • Are members of a team of health-care professionals who work in consort to maximize patient wellness • Are Governed by a code of ethics and principles of professional conduct

  10. Our Duties

  11. General radiography

  12. Plain radiography

  13. IVU

  14. Barium studies

  15. Mammography

  16. CT Scanning

  17. CT images

  18. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)

  19. Coronary Angiography

  20. Nuclear Medicine

  21. (Nuclear imaging) Bone scans

  22. Nuclear medicine SPECT scanning

  23. MRI Scanning

  24. MRI images

  25. Lithotripsy

  26. Radiotherapy - Teletherapy

  27. Masking

  28. Planning & Simulation

  29. Brachytherapy

  30. Linear Accelerator

  31. PET-CT – hybrid images of PET & CT to locate the tumours for treatment SPECT-CT Advancement in the field

  32. Specific Risks involved • Mechanical injury • Electrical injury • Radiation injury

  33. Radiation hazards • Somatic effects • Cancer • Cataract • Leucaemia • ……… • Genetic effects • Fetal Deformities • Infertility • Abortion • Still births

  34. Radiation protection • Patient • Public – dose limits • Staff - • Self – • Occupatienal dose limit (IAEA) • Monitoring • Devices • Procedure

  35. Competencies Required • Patient care • Anatomy & Physiology (Structure and function of the body) • Pathology (Identifying diseases) • Equipment (Physics, operation & maintenance • Imaging techniques • Radio-Therapy techniques • Radiation protection • Quality control

  36. Patient care • Both fields (diagnostic & Therapy) deal with different catogories of patients • Should demonstrate knowledge & skills in • Patient psychology • Effective communication • Patient care techniques

  37. Training • Two years (Full time) • School Started in 1957 • Still the same duration • No post basic training / continuing education avenues • No avenues for upgrading professional level

  38. Achievements • Starting BSc. Radiogaphy course at University of Peradeniya in 2006

  39. Challenges • To overcome the Objections for the Degree programme by some elements of the health sector.. • To stop emplyment of unqualified personnel as radiographers in private sector

  40. Deficiencies in present training & suggestions • Facilities incompatible with the number of trainees. • Inadiquate duration • No procedure for Recruitment of tutors • CT, MRI, NM are not included • Extention of training period – 3 years • Implementation of a Proper recruitment procedure

  41. Future plans to upgrade the radiological technology in Sri lanka • Implementation of in-service training programme • Convert the school to university college? • External degree/lateral entry to Bsc cources ? • Service minute - implement / ammendment?

  42. Thank you!

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