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DNA Barcoding and the Consortium for the Barcode of Life

DNA Barcoding and the Consortium for the Barcode of Life. Katie Ferrell, Project Manager National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution ferrellk@si.edu; http://www.barcoding.si.edu 202/633-0810; fax 202/633-2938. Why are we here?.

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DNA Barcoding and the Consortium for the Barcode of Life

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  1. DNA Barcoding and the Consortium for the Barcode of Life Katie Ferrell, Project Manager National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution ferrellk@si.edu; http://www.barcoding.si.edu 202/633-0810; fax 202/633-2938

  2. Why are we here? • 3 Main Goals of the All-Fungi Barcode Initiative Workshop • Work towards a consensus on barcode region(s) • Come up with priorities for barcoding project(s) • Create steering committee charged with • presenting barcode region proposal if needed • developing strategies for barcode projects.

  3. A DNA barcode is a short gene sequence taken from standardized portions of the genome, used to identify species

  4. What DNA Barcoding is NOT • Barcoding is not DNA taxonomy; no single gene (or character) is adequate • Barcoding is not Tree of Life; barcode clusters are not phylogenetic trees • Barcoding is not just COI; standardizing on one region has benefits and limits • Molecules in taxonomy is not new; but large-scale and standardization are new

  5. Associating Life Stages, Processed Parts, Dimorphic Genders

  6. Uses of DNA Barcodes Applied tool for identifying regulated species: • Disease vectors, agricultural pests, invasives • Environmental indicators, protected species • Using minimal samples, damaged specimens, gut contents, droppings Research tool for improving species-level taxonomy: • Associating all life history stages, genders • Testing species boundaries, finding new variants “Triage” tool for flagging potential new species: • Undescribed and cryptic species

  7. Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBOL) • First barcoding publications around 2002 (Hebert, 2003) • Cold Spring Harbor planning workshops in 2003 • Sloan Foundation 2-year grant for $800K May 2004 • Secretariat opens at Smithsonian, September 2004 • First international conference February 2005 • $1.55 million 2-year renewal in April 2006 • Now an international affiliation of: • Natural history museums, biodiversity organizations • Users: e.g., government agencies • Private sector biotech companies, database providers

  8. CBOL Member Organizations: 2007 • 150+ Member organizations, 45 countries • 30+ Member organizations from 20+ developing countries

  9. CBOL Structure Member Organizations Executive Committee Secretariat Office Working Groups Scientific Advisory Board

  10. CBOL-Initiated Projects • Fish Barcode of Life (FISH-BOL) • 30,000 marine/freshwater species by 2010 • All Birds Barcoding Initiative (ABBI) • 10,000 species by 2010 • Tephritid fruit flies • 2,000 pest/beneficial species and relatives by 2008 • Mosquitoes • 3,300 species by 2008 • African scale insects, lake fish, stem-borers

  11. CBOL’s Working Groups • Database: Developing standards for the barcode data repository (INSDC) • DNA: Protocols for formalin-fixed and old museum specimens; Producing LIMS for dissemination • Data Analysis: Beyond phenetic methods; population genetics perspective • Plants: Identify gene region(s) for barcoding

  12. Outreach Activities • Regional meetings in: • Cape Town, South Africa, 7-8 April 2006, SANBI • Nairobi, Kenya, 18-19 October 2006 • Brazil, March 2007 • Taiwan, September 2007 • Support from CBOL, host governments and international development agencies • Second International Barcode Conference • Taiwan, September 2007

  13. Goals of Regional Meetings • Raise awareness • Explore potential applications in the region • Assess greatest needs and opportunities in the region • Identify highest priorities, construct national and regional action plans • Start intra-regional networks and intercontinental partnerships

  14. Tephritids (fruit flies) • Idea took shape in Stockholm in 2005 • Formed Steering Committee • CBOL supported planning of the Tervuren meeting in February 2006. • Meeting produced proposal for project (Demonstrator project). • Created networking opportunities

  15. Scale Insects • Initiative born out of the Cape Town regional meeting in April 2006. • Pest species worldwide • Formed a Steering Committee • CBOL supported the planning of meeting held in February 2007 related to barcoding scale insects • Group faced dual challenges of coming up with appropriate region and developing barcode projects.

  16. Plant Working Group • Working towards finding plant barcode region(s) • Kress 2005 proposal for ITS and trnh-psbA • Kew Garden receives Sloan/Moore Foundation support, early 2005 • Phase 1 screens 100 genes across 50 sibling species pairs • Phase 2 tests of matK, rpcoC1, rpoB, ndhJ, and accD • Canadian proposal for rbcL • CBOL protocols for approving barcode regions

  17. All-Fungi Barcode InitiativeGoals Work towards a consensus on appropriate barcode region(s) for fungi. Develop priorities for future fungi barcoding projects. Select a steering committee charged with tasks of presenting the barcode region proposal to CBOL and of coordinating the planning of future barcoding projects. CBOL will assist in the support of these planning efforts.

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