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Contributing Crash Factors, Countermeasure Selection, and Evaluation

Contributing Crash Factors, Countermeasure Selection, and Evaluation. Tracking your way through Road Safety 101. Core Competency 4: Module 1: Contributing Crash Factors and Interactions Module 2: Scientific Principles for Effective Road Safety Analysis Module 3: Problem Identification

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Contributing Crash Factors, Countermeasure Selection, and Evaluation

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  1. Contributing Crash Factors, Countermeasure Selection, and Evaluation

  2. Tracking your way through Road Safety 101 Core Competency 4: Module 1: Contributing Crash Factors and Interactions Module 2: Scientific Principles for Effective Road Safety Analysis Module 3: Problem Identification Module 4: Countermeasure Selection Module 5: Cost Effectiveness of Alternative Countermeasures

  3. Crash Contributing Factors & Interactions Identify contributing crash factors and how they interact.

  4. Major Topics • Human Crash Factors • Roadway Crash Factors • Vehicle Crash Factors • Environmental Crash Factors • Analysis Methods

  5. Human Crash Factors • Demographic Factors • Age • Gender • Racial and Ethnic Groups • Behavioral Factors • Aggressive driving • Impaired driving • Occupant protection • Illegal Driving • Driver Inattention

  6. Roadway Crash Factors • Exposure • Facility type • Interstates and freeways • Rural roads • Intersections • Pedestrian facilities • Bicycle facilities

  7. Rural Disaggregation by Facility Type 2001-2008 K+A Crashes, Safety Funding 2001-2011 (HSIP+TSIP) Statewide 16388 $93M Not Colored in Analysis Urban = 6182 (38.0%) $33M (35.0%) Rural = 10101 (62.0%) $60M (65.0%) State System = 4105 (25%) $52M (56%) Local System = 5996 (36.5%) $7.97M (8.5%) Freeway = 1113 (6.8%) $7.83M (8.4%) Expressway = 793 (4.8%) $27.4M (29.5%) Two-Lane = 2199 (13.4%) $17.2M (18.5%) Unpaved = 2223 (13.6%) $ 0 (0.0%) Paved = 3773 (23.0%) $7.97M (8.5%) Interchange 119 (0.7%) $0 (0.0%) • Non-Interchange • (6.1%) • $7.83M (8.4%) • Intersection • (1.5%) • $4.6M (4.9%) Non Intersection 553 (3.4%) $22.8M (24.5%) • Intersection • (2.7%) • $4.53M (4.9%) Non Intersection 1749 (10.7%) $12.7M (13.7%) Intersection 640 (3.9%) $0 (0.0%) Non Intersection 1583 (9.7%) $0 (0.0%) Intersection 964 (5.9%) $1.87M (2.0%) Non Intersection 2809 (17.1%) $6.1M (6.6%) SVROR = 685 (4.2%) Shoulder/Rumble = $11.5M (12.4%) SVROR = 253 (1.5%) Shoulder/Rumble = $22.1M (23.8%) SVROR = 461 (2.8%) Shoulder/Rumble = $7.34M (7.9%) SVROR = 1637 (10.0%) Shoulder/Rumble = $4.86M (5.2%) C L/Head On = 608 (3.7%) Centerline/Median = $1.3M (1.3%) Cross Median/Head On = 46 (0.3%) Centerline/Median = $0.122M (0.1%) Cross Median = 125 (0.8%) Centerline/Median = $0 (0.0%) Head On = 237 (1.4%) Centerline/Median = $0 (0.0%) Rear End = 139 (0.8%) Other = 317 (1.9%) Other = $0 (0.0%) Rear End = 98 (0.6%) Other = 156 (1.0%) Other = $0.487M (0.5%) Rear End = 181 (1.1%) Other = $0.487M (0.5%) Rear End = 150 (0.9%) Right Angle = 167 (1.0%) Other = $1.24M (1.3%) Right Angle = 188 (1.1%) Rear End = 19 (0.1%) SVROR = 15 (0.1%) Other = 18 (0.1%) Signal = $0.007M (0.0%) Turn Lanes = $1.96M (2.1%) Signal & Turn Lanes = $2.52M (2.7%) Other = $0.105M (.1%) Right Angle = 248 (1.5%) Rear End = 55 (0.3%) SVROR = 66 (0.4%) Other = 81 (0.5%) Signal = $0.496M (0.5%) Turn Lanes = $3.53M (3.8%) Other = $0.500M (0.5%) Right Angle = 572 (3.5%) Rear End = 62 (0.4%) SVROR = 196 (1.2%) Signal = $0.364M (0.4%) Turn Lanes = $0.606M (0.6%) Other = $0.896M (0.1%)

  8. Facility Types • Divided Highways • Interstates/Freeways • Expressways • Undivided Highways • Multi-lane • 2 lane • Rural/Urban roads

  9. Facility Types (cont.) Intersections Source: NCHRP Report 500: Vol. 12, Signalized Intersections, NAS, 2004)

  10. Facility Types (cont.) • Pedestrian Facilities • Bicycle Facilities

  11. Vehicle Crash Factors • Crash Avoidance • Crash Survivability

  12. Crash Avoidance • Suspension • Braking • Vehicle Mass • Low Center of Mass • Driver Aids • Traction

  13. Crash Survivability • Safety Equipment • Propensity for Rollover • Energy Absorption

  14. Environmental Crash Factors • Rain • Snow, Sleet, & Ice • Fog • Wind and sun

  15. Methods for Studying Crash Factors • Crash Factor Interactions • Observational Studies • Crash investigation and reconstruction • Observational data • In-vehicle monitoring

  16. Crash Data Analysis

  17. Crash Investigation & Reconstruction http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VheS0CpmE-k http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DRWGy5Ba3w

  18. Simulator Experiments http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TJpTp7djeNU http://www.cgsd.com/DrivingSimulator/DS230.avi Source: www.cgsd.com/DrivingSimulator/ds100.html

  19. In-Vehicle Monitoring http://www.idrive.pro/us/index.php http://espanol.video.yahoo.com/watch/5018797/13350370

  20. Review • Human Crash Factors • Roadway Crash Factors • Vehicle Crash Factors • Environmental Crash Factors • Analysis Methods

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