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3) a ) b ) c)

S. (‑ I ‑) 1 ) The medium (2) is more refractive because all the incident rays admit refracted rays, so light is passing from less refractive medium to a more refractive one.

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3) a ) b ) c)

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  1. S (‑ I ‑)1) The medium (2) is more refractive because all the incident rays admit refracted rays, so light is passing from less refractive medium to a more refractive one . 2) The refracted ray nearer from the normal than the incident ray since light is passing from less refractive medium to a more refractive one. • 3) a) b) c) N (1) I (2) N’ R

  2. 4) a) 490represents the limiting angle. b). i) since = 490 . ii) iii) Angle of deviation ( in case of reflection of light) I1 (1) (2) 600 600 R1 S1

  3. I1 (1) (2) 600 600 R1 S1

  4. (‑ II ‑) Exercise two: The focal length of a converging lens (-A-)First experiment: then Then (-B-)Second experiment: image focus since any ray parallel to the optical axis will pass through the image focus. 1) 2) OF = OF ’= f = focal length = 10cm focal length is the distance between the optical center and the image focus. 3)

  5. (-C-)Third experiment: Given : On the figure. 1) (E) B A’ F F ’ O A B’ 2) Any ray passes through the optical center will continue without any deviation. Thus B is the intersection of the emergent ray with the screen (E).

  6. 3. On the figure. 4) • Nature : The image is real because it is collected on a screen . • Direction: The image is inverted because it is real. • Size: • Position of the object: 5) Any ray incident from point B to the lens will emerge through its real image (B’) 6) Any ray parallel to the optical axis will pass through the image focus. Thus F is the intersection of the emergent ray with the optical axis. F is the symmetric of F’ w.r.t O. 7) 8) Role of a camera since is real, inverted, and smaller than the object and (L) is converging 9) Since P>2f then the image is real, inverted and smaller than the object.

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