1965-1985

1. 1965-1985 From Hippies to Mr. Taylor

2. A Culture of Protest • The Permissive Society • Sexual revolution of the 60’s • Decriminalization of homosexuality • Increasing divorce • Experimentation with drugs like marijuana

3. Youth gain a voice • Youth Protest • Youth protests increase to throw off traditional ways and protest war • French, German, American protesters all get involved • Pg. 913 • When they get violent at Kent State 4 killed

4. Feminism • Betty Friedan publishes the Feminine Mystique and analyzes the problems faced by middle class women • Sought pure equality between men and women

5. Back to the Cold War. . . • Leonid Brezhnev • Encourages heavy industry. . . Which declines : ( • Government bureaucracy becomes more complicated • Brezhnev Doctrine claims that soviets have right to protect socialist when they are threatened • Poor harvests

6. Problems in Eastern Europe • Groups like Poland and Hungary slowly moved away from Soviet power • Czechoslovakia began to shift to capitalist reforms under Alexander Dubcek • Prague Spring was an era when they began to prosper but were put down by the Red Army in ’68 • Gustav Husak abolishes all reforms and reverts back to Soviet control

7. Germany • Walter Ulbricht leads East Germany to prosperity after Berlin Wall is finished in ‘61 • Kept West Berliners in the Soviet controlled East Berlin • West Germany makes moves towards better relations in 1971 with Willy Brandt • After Ulbricht, Erich Honecker increases the Stasi

8. 1973 • Prices in oil soar causing economic downturn worldwide • OPEC controlled the oil prices in the middle east • Prices go up after the Arab-Israeli conflict escalates

9. Britain and Thatcher • Conservatives take over after failed Irish conflict in 1979 with Thatcher • Limit Social Welfare • Cuts education budget • Military build up to combat Communism • Victory of Falklands War • Weakening of the Labor Party

10. The US in the 70-80’s • Richard Nixon- Uses the “southern strategy” (slowdown of racial segregation) to appeal to whites • paranoid so bugged the democratic national headquarters and caught to resigns in 74 • Jimmy Carter- wins in ‘76 but inherits a serious economic problem • Stagflation (high unemployment and inflation) causes problems • Many of these problems stemmed from the oil spike

11. The US. . . again • Ronald Reagan • Republican wins in 1981 • Reduces welfare spending • Peacetime military buildup • Supply Side Economics • Good for the short run but triples national debt from 81-87

12. Second Vietnam War • Ho Chi Minh receives Soviet aid and the south receives American assistance • Kennedy gives assistance to a pseudo government led by Ngo Dinh Diem • Diem is corrupt and South Vietnamese become frustrated with his rule • America struggles with growing members of the Vietcong (southern communists) and their guerilla tactics • Nov. 1963 a military coup overthrew Diem

13. Vietnam part 2 • Vietcong support growing with North so LBJ doubles efforts in 1965 • Tonkin Gulf Resolution had been end of ’64 • Domino Theory • France under De Gaulle becomes very critical of American involvement • Firebombing in Vietnam (rolling thunder) • In 1973 finally Richard Nixon ends the Vietnam War • Feared spread never occurs

14. Mao in the Cold War • More active than the Soviets in the later years of the Cold War • Great Leap Forward—failed • Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution of 1966 • Red Guards try to eliminate the “four olds”(ideas, culture, customs, and habits) • Lasts 10 years until they realize it too failed

15. Detente • Period of the Cold War in the 1970’s • Antiballistic Missile Treaty in ‘72 helps reduce fear of Nuke attack • Helsinki Agreement in ‘75 claims that geographic borders will be reorganized along the borders established at the end of WWII (Soviets get sphere of influence in East Europe) • Protect human rights • Seems like the end until Soviets invade Afghanistan in ‘79