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Doing Business After a Major Bay Area Earthquake. JEANNE PERKINS ABAG Earthquake Program Manager. What REALLY Happened in the 1906 Earthquake. Megadisasters change the social and political landscape as effectively as the physical landscape.
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Doing Business After a Major Bay Area Earthquake JEANNE PERKINS ABAG Earthquake Program Manager
Megadisasters change the social and political landscape as effectively as the physical landscape.
Devastation from disasters leads to a desire to return to normal – even “reframing” the 1906 earthquake as a fire.
Deaths were minimized – recovery was stressed. Headline on April 21, 1906
Earthquakes compete against other issues more effectively following a disaster. Priorities change creating windows of opportunity.
Current emphasis on transportation, water supply, and continuity of government services started in 1906.
Direct Employment Loss Direct Wage Loss (Current $) Direct Lost GRP (Current $) Total GRP (Annual in Current $) Businesses Damaged or Destroyed Loma Prieta Hurricane Katrina (Bay Area) (New Orleans Region) 7,100 190,000 $85 million $3.2 billion $286 mill-$1.2 bill $5 billion $282 Billion $48 billion 4,316 20,500 Note: Employment, Wage and GRP loss up to January 2006 for New Orleans Region Economic Impacts: Comparing Loma Prieta and Hurricane Katrina
Earthquake-Related Hazards • Ground Shaking • Fault Rupture • Liquefaction • Landslides • Tsunamis
Weather-Related Hazards • Flooding • Landslides • Wildfires • Drought
2 PAST EARTHQUAKES • 142 road closures in Loma Prieta • 140 road closures in Northridge 18 FUTURE EARTHQUAKES • 17 Bigger than these earthquakes • 0 Bigger than New Orleans
What Happens - M 7.9 on San Andreas Fault -- • 1,330 total closures • Problems along I-280 and Hwy. 101 in San Mateo Co. • San Francisco a mess • San Mateo and Marin county coasts isolated • Problems near Bay at OAK, SFO and SJC
What Happens - M 6.9 on Entire Hayward Fault -- • 1,650 total closures • Most toll bridges not usable • Some problems in the Hwy. 101 and 37 corridors in Marin, SF and San Mateo counties • Entire East Bay isolated
What Does This Mean? • There were only 142 road closures in Loma Prieta. • There were only 140 road closures in Northridge. • Our model for predicting the potential impacts of these closures should be Kobe, not either of these California earthquakes.
Toll Bridge Seismic Retrofit Program Status – April 2006
Bay Area State-Owned Toll Bridges San Francisco Bay Area has seven state-owned toll bridges: • San Francisco-Oakland Bay • San Mateo-Hayward • Dumbarton • Richmond-San Rafael • Carquinez • Benicia-Martinez • Antioch * * Golden Gate Bridge owned and operated by the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (GGBHTD)
LomaPrieta Earthquake – Oct. 17, 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake • 6.9 magnitude earthquake • 60 miles away • San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge closed for one month due to partial collapse
SFOBB West Approach Seismic SafetyReplacement Project West Anchorage Fremont St Fifth St
Skyway – Precast Segment Lift SFOBB East Span Project – Final Contract Awarded - April 18, 2006
Liquefaction- Results Selected Damage to Foundations Roads & Sidewalks Sand boils Pipeline Breaks
What Happened in the “Very High” Liquefaction Areas - Loma Prieta Quake • Water - 4-5 times more breaks • Natural Gas - 3 - 11 times more breaks • Roads - 1.3 times more surface, but 25 times more costly
What Does This Mean? • Modeling performed by ABAG estimated approximately 5,500 water line breaks or ruptures. • Of more importance is the number of water aqueducts crossing faults. • Assume that water may be disrupted for weeks or months – not 72 hours.
What Happens - M 7.9 on Entire Bay Area San Andreas Fault • SFO probably CLOSED • OAK probably CLOSED • SJC disruption - should be OK due to retrofit completed in 2003.
What Happens - M 6.9 on Entire Hayward Fault • SFO probably disruption • OAK probably CLOSED • SJC disruption - should be OK due to retrofit completed in 2003.
2 PAST EARTHQUAKES • 16,000 Uninhabitable Housing Units Due to the Loma Prieta Earthquake • 48,000 Uninhabitable Housing Units Due to the Northridge Earthquake 18 FUTURE EARTHQUAKES • 13 Bigger than Loma Prieta • 8 Bigger than Northridge • 0 Bigger than New Orleans
What Happens - M 7.9 on Entire Bay Area San Andreas Fault • 159,900 uninhabitable housing units • (300,000 – Katrina) • 359,000 people displaced • 105,700 peak shelter population
What Happens - M 6.9 on Entire Hayward Fault • 155,700 uninhabitable housing units • 300,000 - Katrina • 356,600 people displaced • 110,300 peak shelter population
Single Family Homes 9% of the problem in the Hayward Nightmare