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Informacje ogólne wiązka Magnes Detektory p 0 Traker FGD TPC SMRD W spillu Poza spillem

ND280 – guided tour –. Informacje ogólne wiązka Magnes Detektory p 0 Traker FGD TPC SMRD W spillu Poza spillem SMRD a sprawa polska. Detektory fotonów Informacja z detektorów fotonów Kalendarz prac. Podstawowe wiadomości: Po co.

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Informacje ogólne wiązka Magnes Detektory p 0 Traker FGD TPC SMRD W spillu Poza spillem

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  1. ND280 – guided tour – • Informacje ogólne • wiązka • Magnes • Detektory • p0 • Traker • FGD • TPC • SMRD • W spillu • Poza spillem • SMRD a sprawa polska • Detektory fotonów • Informacja z detektorów fotonów • Kalendarz prac ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  2. Podstawowe wiadomości: Po co • The neutrino spectrum at the far detector is estimated by correcting the neutrino spectrum measured at the near detector by an extrapolation function obtained from the beam Monte Carlo simulation(far/near ratio). • The goal of the ND280 detector is to measure the neutrino ( nm and ne) spectra and to study the neutrino cross sections to predict the response at the far detector. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  3. Podstawowe wiadomości: Po co Po co czyli Near detector tasks : • SuperK ne background < 10% • νμ event normalisation < 5% • Energy scale <2% • non-QE/CCQE at 5-10% • Beam linear distortion < 20% • Width < 10% ne appearance measurement in SK The energy scale in the near detector is set by the Magnet-TPC spectrometer system. (B mapping better than 1%). The nmevent normalization and the spectrum shape (linear distortion and width of the spectrum) measurement will be done by measuring the CCQE events ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  4. Podstawowe wiadomości: Jak Jak czyli informacje Techniczne: • Wiązka 30 (?) GeV protony na tarczy C • Moc wiązki • Struktura czasowa • Kat 2.50 – wiązka neutrin z wiązka pierwotnych protonów - off axis • Magnes • Rozmontowany, do transportu z CERNu. • Montowany w Japonii i elementy spuszczane do studni -23m • Detektor montowany w • Studni • ex magnesie UA1, Trudno jest podać końcowe liczby, bo w rożnych okresach będą różne. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  5. Podstawowe wiadomości: Gdzie W studni będzie ciasno.. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  6. MAGNES • Jarzmo 8*2 moduły C, 55 t / moduł • The total weight of the yoke is 850 tons. • The external dimensions of the magnet are 7.6m(L)x6.1m(H)x5.6m(W). • Dipol 0.2 T. Geometria; Jarzmo otwarte Struktura jarzma C • C is segmented in 12 azimuthal sections. • Each section is made of 16 iron plates 5 cm thick, with 1.7 cm • air gap between plates. 6.1m Magnes zamknięty ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  7. MAGNES Jarzmo magnesu, pole prostopadłe do beamu i grawitacji 0.2T Z góry złożony 7.6m Pole B beam ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  8. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  9. MAGNES Dla lepszego wyobrażenia.. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  10. MAGNES I jego transport do Japonii Orientation during transport and storing • No fragileeach55 tons (normal truck <30 tons) • total 848 tons, • overall dimensions each 3x1x6.5 m3 • No special box or protection are foreseen. • The only protection will be a cover against rain • Detail to be defined with the Shipping Company • based on their preferred shipping configuration and proposed container. • Shipping configurations proposed by Company have to be verified Orientation during lowering in the pit ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  11. MAGNES Ustawienie w studni i alignement, chłodzenie • Montaż modułów jarzma • Test insertion of dummy modules and adjustment possibilities under discussion • • conceptual installation scheme for electronics exists • • engineering design on hold until decision • on reinforcement bar • SMRD cooling system • Alignement - względne ustawienie modułów jarzma • Wiemy że alignement z dokładnością +-1mm powinno być wystarczajace dla montazu liczników SMRD, ale jak wyjdzie? • Require good alignment (see Andre’s presentation) • Chłodzenie „SMRD cooling system only required if coils are not chilled” Magda Posiadała Tadeusz Kozłowski MHS ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  12. DETEKTORY • Nie pokazuje struktury mechanicznej („basket”) na której wiszą. • p0 detector • Kalorymetr elektromagnetyczny • Traker • TPC Time Projection Chamber • FGD Fine Graine Detector • SMRD - Side Muon Range Detector ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  13. „BASKET” struktura mechaniczna („basket”) na której wiszą detektory. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  14. ECAL DS • DS ECAL comprises 1 module containing:- 33 Pb layers 34 scint. Layers • Total number of Scintillator bars = 3468. • Dimensions:- 2.3m x 2.3m x 0.5m. • Each module will have a carbon fibre face panel front and back with structurally stiff aluminium sides. • Weight of modules ~ 5.3 tonnes ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  15. ECAL DS • DS ECAL design completed and reviewed • •Materials ordered • •Labs and devices (scanners, moving, etc) ~ready • •Production lab at Lancaster ready • •Layers construction in January-March 2008 • •Module assembly and QA in April-June • •MPPC installation in August • •Cosmics runs starting in September • •CERN test-beam in Spring 2009 • •Installation at Tokai in 08-09 2009 DS ECAL ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  16. p0 „The primary physics goal of the P0D is to measure neutral current p0 events produced in a water target within the expected momentum T2K ne appearance signal”. • The P0D is a solid scintillator strip detector using water to provide a large oxygen content It is based on the K2K SciBar experience and the MINERvA design. • The P0D target is constructed of water layers between X-Y scintillator modules which provide the charged particle tracking. • The scintillator modules are constructed with 10% lead by mass so it has a high probability of creating an electromagnetic shower. • The P0D has a total target mass of approximately 15 tons and a fiducial mass of approximately 5 tons. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  17. p0 Mieli kłopoty… • Light generated by passing particles in the scintillator bars is collected by a 1mm diameter Y-11 Wavelength Shifting Fiber (WLS) threaded axially through the bars. • The light is collected by a photo sensor at one end of the bar. • •The photo sensor is housed in an optical connector which screws to the frame as shown • •The far end of the fiber is polished and mirrored, and terminates at the far end of the scintillating bar. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  18. p0 • 3 Super-PØDules • Upstream ECAL (3200 kg) • 7 PØDules • 7 4mm-thick lead radiators • Target (11000 kg) • 2857.3 kg water • 26 PØDules • 25 1.6mm brass radiators • 25 Water target layers • Split into 2 sub-units for pre-installation handling • Central ECAL (3200 kg) • 7 PØDules • 7 4mm-thick lead radiators • Total Mass is 17600 kg - 2857.3 kg water ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  19. p0 • Construction Status • Schedule is Tight • Designs and prototypes for all subsystems moving forward • Component production begins early 2008 • Assembly begins May/June 2008 • Ready for shipment in January 2009 • Allows a 3 month contingency • Component purchases have begun • Trip-T ASIC fabrication order being tendered • Photosensors • Several dozen in Feb, 500/week starting in April (~11500 total) • To be tendered shortly • Scintillator Production (3000 bars on hand) • Fiber, &c Wydaje się że sa to plany na 2008 ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  20. TRACKER • „The first role for the tracker is to isolate a clean sample of CCQE events. • In order to do that, both the proton (mostly in the FGD) and the muon track need to be reconstructed. • Detecting the recoil proton allows to select a high purity CCQE sample”. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  21. „The FGDs form part of the ND280's tracker. Its primary function is to measure the neutrino beam's flux, energy spectrum, and flavor composition by observing charged current neutrino interactions.” TRACKER FGD • Tracker consists of • 3 TPCs • 2 FGD modules, • The FGDs are thin enough (< 30 cm) that most of the penetrating particles produced in neutrino interactions, especially muons, will reach the TPCs where their momenta and charges will be measured by their bending in the magnetic field. • The ND280 detector will contain two massive fine-grained detectors (FGDs), which provide the target mass for neutrino interactions as well as tracking of charged particles coming from the interaction vertex. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  22. TRACKER FGD • FGD provides target mass for tracker (2 x ~1 tonne) • dimensions: ~2m x ~2m x ~30cm • one all-plastic FGD, • one plastic with 6 x 2.5cm water panels FGD • Light produced in scintillator bar is readout using a wavelength shifting (WLS) fibre coupled to MPPC. • XY Modulle Construction • Each module consists of • an X layer, • a Y layer and • two G10 skins. • currently 20 of 24 modules glued • Considerable R/D was done for module gluing procedure. Metal jig was constructed to ensure that X and Y layers were aligned and • perpendicular. • light injection with LEDs on every channel - analog sum trigger • Second FGD is composed of water layers interleaved with scintillator. • Must measure CCQE cross-section on water, since SuperK is water-based detector. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  23. Scintillator bars • The number of bars needed for • the plastic FGD is 192*30=5760 • the water-rich FGD 192*14=2688 bars. • The total number of bars is ~10000. • The geometrical specications of each bar • Length (z dimension) =1843.21 mm • Outside x and y dimensions =9.6 mm • TiO2 thickness=0.25 mm, (co-extruded bar coating) • Active dimensions=9.1 mm • Hole diameter=1.8 +- 0.3 mm TRACKER FGD • February 2008: start of photosensor delivery • February-April 2008: stringing of XY modules and mounting of photosensors • May 2008: start FGD commissioning • Summer 2008-Winter 2009: beam tests, calibration • shakedown • Summer 2009: ship to Tokai Plany: ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  24. TRACKER TPC • The proton momentum is soft so that some will stop before entering the TPC volume. The TPC will also provide further information useful to study events with additional pion tracks. • The CCQE represents 40% of the total neutrino cross-section at these energies and the TPC will provide 3-D information on the event, this classication is expected to be relatively straightforward. • It will also be important to distinguish the products from neutrino interactions inside the fiducial volume of the near detector from other beam related activity. • In particular, neutrino interactions in the magnet iron will produce many charged particles that will enter the fiducial volume. • The excellent 3D granularity of TPCs will allow these to be distinguished more easily than in a projective 2D tracker”. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  25. TRACKER TPC • The geometry of the TPC follows from the constraints given the UA1 magnet. • Three TPCs are needed in order to measure the momenta of particles originating from the two FGD • targets. • The outer dimensions of each module are roughly 2.5 m 2.5 m in the plane perpendicular to • the neutrino beam direction, and 1.0 m along the beam direction. • The transverse dimension is chosen to provide space between the inner wall of the magnet and the TPC modules for electromagnetic calorimeter and for a mechanical support cage. • The dimension along the beam direction is chosen to achieve the required momentum resolution, including the necessary inactive elements. • The upstream TPC will measure backscattered particles from the upstream FGD as well as high momentum muons exiting the P0D in the forward direction. Geometria ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  26. TRACKER TPC • Several parts have been machined (oversized) on the router • final machining to final size to be done once router calibration is under control • outer panels: need finalmachining • inner panels: underconstruction • endplate: under construction • cathode, module frame: not started • service spacer: in machine shop • service covers: under construction • Operation is considered at • an electric field around 200 V/cm, • the cathode being at a potential of 􀀀25 kV. Ar-CF4-iC4H10Purifier design from ALICE ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  27. First tracks with AFTER based FEE TRACKER TPC ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  28. Barrel ECAL • The ECAL consists of lead-scintillator sandwich sampling calorimeter modules located around the ND280 inner detectors on all four sides and at the downstream end of the magnet. • The Electromagnetic Calorimeter comprises two sections. • The Tracker ECAL (TECAL) surrounds the FGDs and TPCs. • The main purpose of the Tracker ECAL is to aid the Tracker in fully reconstructing neutrino interactions • It detects, reconstructs, and identies particles leaving the tracking volume. • The TECAL is also important for the energy measurement of electrons from beam ne. • The P0D ECAL (gamma / muon tagger) is a simpler device which helps to positively identify photons and muons escaping the P0D. • Both ECAL sections tag interactions occurring outside the inner detectors, which produce event signatures that can resemble those of signal neutrino interactions in the ducial volumes of the inner detectors. • The good cluster and MIP reconstruction capabilities of the ECALs, will allow satisfactory background rejection to be performed. Ale chyba nie będzie działał w 2009r. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  29. SMRD • „The principal tasks for the side muon range detector (SMRD) are to • measure muon momenta and angle for CC-QE reactions to help determine the neutrino energy, • identify backgrounds from beam neutrino interactions in the iron yokes, and in the cavity walls surrounding the detector, and • (3)trigger on through going cosmic ray muons for calibration purposes of the inner detector components. W czasie spillu Te miony z oddziaływań CC neutrin z wiązki powinien widzieć SMRD Poza czasem spillu ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  30. SMRD Tu dochodzą obejmy, w które wsuwane są MPPC – odczyt światła z 2 końców fibra. Liczniki są wsunięte w szczeliny w jarzmie. 1 counter (0.7x17x87 cm) Scintillator thickness: 7.0 mm Groove depth: 2.5 mm L.Y. = 19.6 ±0.6 p.e. (19 Mar. 2007) L.Y. = 18.8 ±0.6 p.e. (10 Sept. 2007) [readout with MRS-APD at INR] Confirmed by test at LSU Light yield for SMRD prototype scintillator slab can be readout with 99.5% detection efficiency if averageL.y.=15p.e./MIP. Rogi nie są wypełnione ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  31. SMRD Bardzo skomplikowana obejma scyntylatorów, ale czy można mniej? • Od jakości względnego ustawienia C w studni zależy jak dobrze da się wypełnić szczeliny w jarzmie licznikami. • Planowana jest łapka do ew. wymiany uszkodzonych detektorów odczytu. • Chyba nie możliwości wymiany uszkodzonych scyntylatorów. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  32. SMRD w spillu Liczba i rozmieszczenie liczników w szczelinach jarzma magnesu • Rozmieszczenie modułów wynika z • Wpływu materiału cewki na pęd widocznych w SMRD mionów • Charakterystyk kątowych mionów z oddziaływań CC Top / bottom Left / (right) Paweł Przewłocki Problemem nie jest szerokość szczelin w modułach C (~17mm) w które mają wejść liczniki (~8mm). Jest względne ustawienie modułów C, ponieważ liczniki będą wsuwane w jarzmo PO złożeniu magnesu w studni. Liczba scyntylatorów 1120 786 1906 Zamówienie 2000 szt. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  33. WIĄZKA spill Struktura czasowa wiązki i elektroniki • Odległość spill – spill 3.53 s (0.3 Hz) • Spill początek – koniec 5.17 ms • W spillu 15 bunchy 60ns, odległość 270 ns (całkowanie+reset) • Po spillu jeszcze 8 „bunchy” (2.8ms) • Czas czytania 15+8 bunchy = 74ms • Wtedy przełączenie na tryger kosmiczny spill stop start 2 4 5 2 4 5 2 4 5 1 1 1 6 6 6 Czas na tryger kosmiczny (kalibrację) = 3.53s – (5.17+2.8+74)*10-6s = ~3.53s ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  34. SMRD poza spillem SMRD jako tryger – GEOMETRIA Widok w x-y • Wieża - Segment w x, y, z • Na zebraniu w KEK była dyskusja o trygerze, może skomentuje ktoś z jej uczestników? • Symulacja trygera Detektory Wewnętrzne ND280 Piotr Mijakowski & Karol Strykowski muon ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  35. SMRD a sprawa polska • SMRD Production Responsibilities • 1) Scintillator size and tolerances have been fixed: • Poziom: 7 x 167 x 875 mm • Pion: 7 x 175 x 875 mm • 2) Scintillator production (+ chemical reflector):Preparation of Production in Progress at Uniplast (Rosja) • 1000 detectors now • 1000 detectors by end of 2008 • 3) Groove milling (INR) • 4) QA of WLS fibers and scintillators, gluing (INR) • 5) Endcap + optical connector: Production of Mold has started • (Softtouch,US) • 6) Assembly + packaging (INR) • 7) Photosensor tests at INR, LSU, Warsaw • 8) Slow Control (LSU,Warsaw) • 9) Electronics testing (UPitt) • 10) Cooling if needed (Cracow) SMRD cooling system only required if coils are not chilled ! Krzysztof Zaremba Robert Sulej ~4000 MPPC ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  36. MPPC Detektor światła – liczy fotony z WLS Multi Pixel Photon Counter ND280:~70000 WLS fiberreadout channels. Wymagania: Działa w polu magnetycznym!! # pixels  400 Active area 1.0-1.2 mm2 Gain ~106 Minimum PDE 12% Bias voltage 25-70 V Dark rate  1MHz (th = 0.5 p.e.) Pulse width  50 ns Life time, stability very good MPPC: 1.0x1.0 mm2 400 pixels 1.3x1.3 mm2 667 pixels 50 000 szt dla ND280 Producent Hamamatsu Photosensor tests at Kyoto INR LSU, CSU TRIUMF Sheffield, Warwick, • Main parameters: PDE, dark rate, gain, cross-talk are measured • All MPPC parameters are stable within 5% accuracy after heat test • HPK will provide simple tests 2 parameters: • - Operating bias voltage at 25oC for gain  7.5x105 • - Dark rate at operating bias voltage także Politechnika Warszawska (KZ, RS) ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  37. Uwagi dot. MPPC Bardzo nowy detektor – pojawił się w katalogach Hamamatsu na wiosnę 2007. • Pierwsze zastosowanie w tej skali (~50 000 kanalów) MPPC w eksperymencie • - tego wyboru • SMRD nie potrzebuje tak dużej liczby pikseli • Efektywność rejestracji fotonu maleje ze wzrostem liczby pikseli • Ten model MPPC nie figuruje w katalogach Hamamatsu z lata 2007 MPPC • MPPC są bardzo czułe na zmiany temperatury • Wzmocnienie maleje ze wzrostem temperatury • Liczba „afterpulsów” rośnie ze wzrostem temperatury • Decyzja o zastosowaniu MPPC z liczbą pikseli = 675. • + tego wyboru • Łatwiej jest zrobić alignement f MPPC 1.3 mm, WSL 1.mm • Wspólny i standardowy dla całego ND280 ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  38. MPPC ALE…. ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  39. MPPC informacja 2 kanały TRIPt /MPPC: o dużej i małej amplitudzie Zasilanie globalne (~70V) analogue pipeline MPPC Szybki sygnał 0/1 powyżej zadanego progu HVtrim dobrane dla pojedynczego MPPC (~0-5 V) MPPC Kabel Zasilanie TRIPt 2kanały / MPPC ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  40. chip TRIgger and Pipeline with Timing*) • Inputs of the TRIP-t are • the analog pulses from the fibers after amplification bythe MPPC. • digital timing inputs to control e.g. the time window over whichthe system should be sensitive to pulses. • Outputs of the TRIP-t are • a digital signal to use for triggering; • an analog pulse (~1V) that is proportionalto the amplitude of the input from the MPPC, called the A-pulse; • an analogpulse (~1V) that is proportional to the time between the firing of the discriminatorand the closing of the time-gate, called the t-pulse. • The chip contains an analogpipeline just before the final output drivers. • The A-pulse and t-pulse outputs are stored in analogpipelines • Outputs to form trigger signals are created bydiscriminators in the front end, and readout quickly through the digital multiplexer. • *) TRIPt jest rodem z FERMILAB (D0). W ND280 są zmiany, których przyczyn nie rozumiem. TRIPt ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  41. Kalendarz prac w Japonii • Beam line construction started Apr. 2004 • ND280 pit construction start Jul. 2007 • UA1 magnet installation Apr. 2008 • Completion of ND280 building Mar. 2009 • Neutrino beam line commissioning Apr. 2009 • ND280 Commissioning Oct. 2009 • Magnes • instalacja 04-05 2008 • zamknięty / włączony • 05-06 2009 oraz • od 11 2009. • SMRD • Instalacja • góra – dół 02–03 2009 • lewo – prawo 07–09 2009 • Chłodzenie 04 2009 • T2K Physics run Nov. 2009... ND280 Schedule(NEW)  ( Simplified version ) (Uploaded on 2007-Mar-22) ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  42. 5.17µs 5.17µs 5.17µs 3.53s 3.53s 58ns 58ns 58ns 58ns 58ns 58ns 58ns 58ns 58ns 260ns 260ns 260ns 260ns 260ns 260ns 260ns 260ns Spill Structure Spill Structure • 15 batches • charge integrated in batches Bunch Structure Chip Time Structure integration reset ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  43. TRIP-t Front-end architecture preamp gain adjust 1,2,3,…8 very simplified – neglecting features not relevant to ND280 operation • only preamp gain affects signal feeding discriminator • no fine control (x1 or x4) • discriminator threshold Vth • common to all channels on chip • analogue bias settings • gain, Vth, etc. • programmable via serial interface integrate/reset Qin analogue pipeline 1pF 3pF discriminator x10 gain = 1 or 4 disc. O/P Vth reset ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  44. Gain Considerations 1pF single tript channel analogue pipeline • SiPM • gain = 5 x 105 and Npe<500 • 2.5 V CMOS • dynamic ranges of internal circuits ~ 1V • implications for discriminator threshold range • 0 – 5 p.e. adjustment range then 5 p.e. ≡ 1V at x10 O/P • 1V ≡ 50 p.e. at preamp O/P • high gain channel will saturate at ~ 50 p.e. • effective threshold spread • +/- 0.5 p.e. (measured – see later) Qin disc. O/P x10 reset Vth ~ 1V dynamic range available at preamp O/P ~ similar voltage range at x10 amp O/P ~ similar disc. thresh. voltage adjustment range ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  45. SiPM  TFB Connection HVglobal: common to all SiPM channels on TFB HVtrim: individual for each SiPM channel, 5V adjustment range (choice of 8/10/12 bit DAC precision) HVtrim applied to coax sheath – AC but not DC coupled to GND HVglobal significant no. of passives/channel – need careful, high density layout 47k 50V, 0402 220pF 50V 0402 47k 50V, 0402 trip-t 100pF 100V 0603 cal test pulse 10pF 100V, 0603 51R LV 0603 SiPM coax sheath not DC coupled to GND 10pF 100V 0603 330pF 100V 0603 100nF LV 0402 1k LV, 0402 HVtrim(0-5V) ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

  46. Trigger Path amp SiPM • FE FPGA • channel mask (64ch) • look for trigger primitives • N hits in ~100 nsec window • tracks • drive output • Trigger FPGA • require certain FE FPGA hit pattern disc output driver FE FPGA (TFB) Vth 10-20 m Trigger FPGA(GTM) SCINTtrigger TPCtrigger ND280 - Guided Tour KRAKÓW październik 2007

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