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Atomic Structure and Models in Chemistry Review

This review covers the atomic structure and models in chemistry, including Niels Bohr's bright-line spectrum, Erwin Schrödinger's electron cloud model, James Chadwick's discovery of neutrons, and Bohr's model diagrams. Learn about energy levels, orbitals, and the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom. Practice drawing Bohr model diagrams and review the periodic table.

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Atomic Structure and Models in Chemistry Review

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  1. Day 23 – Daily Starter • What do you remember about the structure/ make-up of an atom? • (“IDK” is not an answer)

  2. Unit 2 Chemistry Review Today’s Topic: Atomic Structure

  3. Niels Bohr (1913) • Bright-Line Spectrum • tried to explain presence of specific colors in hydrogen’s spectrum

  4. Niels Bohr (1913) • Energy Levels • electrons can only exist in specific energy states • Planetary Model • Electrons move in circular orbits with specific energy levels

  5. Erwin Schrödinger (1926) • Quantum mechanics • electrons can only exist in specified energy states • Electron cloud model • orbital: region around the nucleus where e- are likely to be found

  6. Erwin Schrödinger (1926) Electron Cloud Model (orbital) • dots represent probability of finding an e-not actual electrons

  7. James Chadwick (1932) • Discovered neutrons • neutral particles in the nucleus of an atom • Joliot-Curie Experiments • based his theory on their experimental evidence

  8. James Chadwick (1932) Neutron Model • revision of Rutherford’s Nuclear Model

  9. Electron Cloud Model II.Electron Cloud Model Orbital Energy Levels Bohr Model Diagrams

  10. A. Orbital • Region where there is 90% probability of finding an electron. • Can’t pinpoint the location of an electron. • Density of dots represents degree of probability.

  11. A. Orbital • Orbitals have different shapes.

  12. B. Energy Levels • Electrons can only exist at certain energy levels. • Low energy levels are close to the nucleus. • Each energy level (n) can hold 2n2 electrons.

  13. Can replace with: 3p 4n p n n n p p n C. Bohr Model Diagrams • Simplified energy levels using Bohr’s idea of circular orbits. Lithium Atomic #: 3 Mass: 7 # of p: 3 # of e: 3 # of n: 4 e- e- Maximum e- Level 1 2e- Level 2 8e- Level 3 18e- Level 4 32e- e-

  14. C. Bohr Model Activity • Get with your assigned unit partner • Choose a number between 1 & 18. • Find your element by the atomic number you picked. • Draw a Bohr Model diagram for your element. • Refer to the mass listed on the table and subtract the atomic # to find the # of neutrons. • Abbreviate the # of ‘p’ and ‘n’ in the nucleus. • Have your partner check your drawing. • Repeat with 2 new elements (each partner draws 3)

  15. In Class work – Show before you Go • The Atoms Family Atomic Math Challenge • A Review of the Periodic Table 6 C Carbon 12 Atomic number = 6 Symbol = C Name = Carbon Average atomic Mass = 12

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