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CRJS 4466 PROGRAM & POLICY EVALUATION ‘Goal Attainment Scaling’. 1. Evaluation projects 2. Test #3 – November 23 3. Take-home exam November 30. 4. Goal Attainment Scaling the quantification of individualized goal sets with clients usually use of 5-point Likert scale
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CRJS 4466 PROGRAM & POLICY EVALUATION ‘Goal Attainment Scaling’ 1. Evaluation projects 2. Test #3 – November 23 3. Take-home exam November 30
4. Goal Attainment Scaling • the quantification of individualized goal sets with clients • usually use of 5-point Likert scale • measurement of progress toward goals is individualized • for each client • use of a ‘follow-up’ guide to chart progress toward goals • ‘success’ scores for individual clients/aggregated groups • can be compared across programs/agencies
4. Goal Attainment Scaling • used primarily in mental health field, but now branching • out into general health assessments, corrections, CAS, • etc. • use of GAS helps to clarify goals, expectations for • clients, to measure progress, plan interdisciplinary case • management strategies, compare effectiveness of • different programs
5. Steps in GAS • Selection of goals (at least three, well-defined, • individualized client goals, measurable) • Weighting goals (reflective differential importance of • goals) • Follow-up time selection (post-intervention) • Scaling (usually, using Likert format -2 through +2) • Specify other scale levels (e.g. less than expected/more) • Client assessment as per GAS
6. GAS and Evaluation • to use in evaluation, requires that program staff be taught • to write relevant, realistic, measurable goals • computation of average or summary scores across • clients - summing (simple index) versus true scaling • (weighted) versus conversion to t-scores (text)
7. Variations of Goal Attainment Scaling • can use alternate scoring systems (e.g. 0 to 100, or • a ‘percentage’ system related to how much progress has • been made toward the goal) • but note: criticism that goal attainment scaling is • inherently subjective – so how much measurement • refinement should we assume?
7. Problems with Goal Attainment Scaling • measurement validity and reliability • lack of control over selection of goals • confusion of goals with activities (e.g. attendance) • lack of staff training in use of GAS • cannot simply combine goal score statistically, as may • hide progress in particular areas (e.g. marks in courses)