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Expectations for Femtoscopy at the LHC

Expectations for Femtoscopy at the LHC. Mike Lisa Ohio State University. Outline. Femtoscopic expectations @ LHC NNUS: systematic extrapolation of multiplicity systematic naïve CGC HRM: microscopic hadronic rescattering model hydro scales shapes p+p Pythia (+HRM, jets) Black holes

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Expectations for Femtoscopy at the LHC

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  1. Expectations for Femtoscopy at the LHC Mike Lisa Ohio State University malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  2. Outline • Femtoscopic expectations @ LHC • NNUS: systematic extrapolation of multiplicity systematic • naïve • CGC • HRM: microscopic hadronic rescattering model • hydro • scales • shapes • p+p • Pythia (+HRM, jets) • Black holes • Summary • Some foci of the experimental program malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  3. y |b| pT Baseline: 20-year-old systematic program • Pion HBT @ Bevalac: “largely confirming nuclear dimensions” • Since 90’s: increasingly detailed understanding and study w/ high stats malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  4. R(√SNN, b, Npart, A, B, y, mT, ,PID) malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  5. R(√SNN, b, Npart, A, B, y, mT, ,PID) Z. Chajecki, QM05 malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  6. STAR, PRL 2004 MAL, Pratt, Soltz, Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014 R(√SNN, b, Npart, A, B, y, mT, ,PID) Z. Chajecki, QM05 malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  7. MAL,Pratt Soltz,Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014 R(√SNN, b, Npart, A, B, y, mT, ,PID) STAR, PRL 2004 MAL, Pratt, Soltz, Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014 Z. Chajecki, QM05 malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  8. R(√SNN, b, Npart, A, B, y, mT, ,PID) STAR, PRL 2004 MAL, Pratt, Soltz, Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014 Full program just started Evolution with energy? MAL,Pratt Soltz,Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014 Z. Chajecki, QM05 Little data Shape Evolution with energy? Naïve (?) : multiplicity dominance continues @ LHC (though two unexplored areas...) malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  9. 6 5 MAL,Pratt Soltz,Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014 5.5 TeV 1000 LHC = RHIC++ 6.4 = RHICx1.6 PHOBOS White Paper: NPA 757, 28 Naïve (?) : multiplicity dominance continues @ LHC (though two unexplored areas...) malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  10. 6.4 = RHICx1.6 6 5 MAL,Pratt Soltz,Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014 PHOBOS White Paper: NPA 757, 28 5.5 TeV 1000 Multiplicity sets scale: all else fixed malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  11. 6.4 = RHICx1.6 6 5 PHOBOS White Paper: NPA 757, 28 5.5 TeV 1000 Multiplicity sets scale: all else fixed • PHOBOS-based extrapolation: • RLHC / RRHIC = (1.6)1/3 = 1.17 malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  12. Multiplicity sets scale: all else fixed • PHOBOS-based extrapolation: • RLHC / RRHIC = (1.6)1/3 = 1.17 • CGC prediction of multiplicity • RLHC / RRHIC = (11/3.6)1/3 = 31/3 = 1.45 malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 Kharzeev, Levin & Nardi NPA747 609 (2005)

  13. dN/d Beyond multiplicity T. Humanic, Int.J.Mod.Phys.E15197(2006) • PHOBOS-based extrapolation: • RLHC / RRHIC = (1.6)1/3 = 1.17 • CGC prediction of multiplicity • RLHC / RRHIC = (11/3.6)1/3 = 31/3 = 1.45 • Humanic Rescattering Model • “real” model predicting dN/d and HBT • (dN/d[LHC] / dN/d[RHIC])1/3 ~ 1.9 malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  14. dN/dt Rlong (fm) Beyond multiplicity T. Humanic, Int.J.Mod.Phys.E15197(2006) • PHOBOS-based extrapolation: • RLHC / RRHIC = (1.6)1/3 = 1.17 • CGC prediction of multiplicity • RLHC / RRHIC = (11/3.6)1/3 = 31/3 = 1.45 • Humanic Rescattering Model • “real” model predicting dN/d and HBT • (dN/d[LHC] / dN/d[RHIC])1/3 ~ 1.9 • LHC / RHIC = 2 :: (recall Rlong~~ ) • dynamic effect • Rlong[LHC] / Rlong[RHIC] ~ 2 • all are connected?? malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  15. Beyond multiplicity T. Humanic, Int.J.Mod.Phys.E15197(2006) • PHOBOS-based extrapolation: • RLHC / RRHIC = (1.6)1/3 = 1.17 • CGC prediction of multiplicity • RLHC / RRHIC = (11/3.6)1/3 = 31/3 = 1.45 • Humanic Rescattering Model • “real” model predicting dN/d and HBT • (dN/d[LHC] / dN/d[RHIC])1/3 ~ 1.9 • LHC / RHIC = 2 :: (recall Rlong~~ ) • dynamic effect • Rlong[LHC] / Rlong[RHIC] ~ 2 • all are connected? • RS, RO larger, but not a simple factor malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  16. Beyond multiplicity T. Humanic, Int.J.Mod.Phys.E15197(2006) • PHOBOS-based extrapolation: • RLHC / RRHIC = (1.6)1/3 = 1.17 • CGC prediction of multiplicity • RLHC / RRHIC = (11/3.6)1/3 = 31/3 = 1.45 • Humanic Rescattering Model • “real” model predicting dN/d and HBT • (dN/d[LHC] / dN/d[RHIC])1/3 ~ 1.9 • LHC / RHIC = 2 :: (recall Rlong~~ ) • dynamic effect • Rlong[LHC] / Rlong[RHIC] ~ 2 • all are connected? • RS, RO larger, but not a simple factor • steeper pT-dep due to more flow? • dynamic effect malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  17. Eskola et al PRC72044904 (2005) initial conditions from pQCD+saturation Hydro predictions I: Scales • Neglecting flow, to cool to C[QGP] :C = 0(C /0)3/4 • Cno flow[RHIC] = 6 fm/c • Cno flow[LHC] = 20 fm/c malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  18. Eskola et al PRC72044904 (2005) Hydro predictions I: Scales • Neglecting flow, to cool to C[QGP] :C = 0(C /0)3/4 • Cno flow[RHIC] = 6 fm/c • Cno flow[LHC] = 20 fm/c • Much larger flow @LHC • signif. reduction of timescale @ LHC [similar to RHIC] • larger transverse size @ FO malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  19. Eskola et al PRC72044904 (2005) Hydro predictions I: Scales • Neglecting flow, to cool to C[QGP] :C = 0(C /0)3/4 • Cno flow[RHIC] = 6 fm/c • Cno flow[LHC] = 20 fm/c • Much larger flow @LHC • signif. reduction of timescale @ LHC [similar to RHIC] • larger transverse size @ FO • No HBT prediction per se, but... • RL[LHC] / RL[RHIC] ~ 1.1 ÷ 1.2 • RS[LHC] / RS[RHIC] ~ 1.5 ÷ 2 • (different than HRM) • steeper pT-dependence malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  20. Eskola et al PRC72044904 (2005) Heinz&Kolb, PLB542 216 (2002) Hydro predictions I: Scales • Neglecting flow, to cool to C[QGP] :C = 0(C /0)3/4 • Cno flow[RHIC] = 6 fm/c • Cno flow[LHC] = 20 fm/c • Much larger flow @LHC • signif. reduction of timescale @ LHC [similar to RHIC] • larger transverse size @ FO • No HBT prediction per se, but... • RL[LHC] / RL[RHIC] ~ 1.1 ÷ 1.2 • RS[LHC] / RS[RHIC] ~ 1.5 ÷ 2 • (different than HRM) • steeper pT-dependence • Consistent w/ independent hydrofor non-central collisions (LHC) malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  21. PLB496 1 (2000) E895 2 GeV STAR 200 GeV O’Hara, et al, Science 298 2179 (2002) PRL93 012301 (‘04) Hydro predictions II: Shapes • easy prediction: importance of -dep measurements will continue @ LHC • asHBT • probes timescale & dynamics • non-trivial (& incomplete!) excitation fctn malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  22. “RHIC” STAR PRL93 012301 (2004) Heinz&Kolb, PLB542 216 (2002) Hydro predictions II: Shapes • easy prediction: importance of -dep measurements will continue @ LHC • asHBT • probes timescale & dynamics • non-trivial (& incomplete!) excitation fctn • hydro @ RHIC • misses scale (well-known) • impressive agreement on -dep malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  23. “RHIC” “IPES” (LHC) Heinz&Kolb, PLB542 216 (2002) Heinz&Kolb, PLB542 216 (2002) Hydro predictions II: Shapes • easy prediction: importance of -dep measurements will continue @ LHC • asHBT • probes timescale & dynamics • non-trivial (& incomplete!) excitation fctn • hydro @ RHIC • misses scale (well-known) • impressive agreement on -dep • prediction @ LHC • sign change in shape & oscillations malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  24. F. Retière & MAL PRC70 044907 (2004) “RHIC” “IPES” (LHC) * simple formula will not work @ LHC Heinz&Kolb, PLB542 216 (2002) Heinz&Kolb, PLB542 216 (2002) Hydro predictions II: Shapes • easy prediction: importance of -dep measurements will continue @ LHC • asHBT • probes timescale & dynamics • non-trivial (& incomplete!) excitation fctn • hydro @ RHIC • misses scale (well-known) • impressive agreement on -dep • prediction @ LHC • sign change in shape & oscillations • qualitatively different kT dependence (*) malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  25. i-th particle Initial “disk” of radius r p+p: a short diversion and “practice,” or a crucial question? • “minimalist” physics • Momenta & parentage from PYTHIA • space by hand: x= “1 fm” + p/E • pT-dep from x-p correlations • resonances • formation time  • some from rescatt • mult dep from rescatt only T. Humanic, presentation to ALICE PW2 (March 2006) malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  26. jet p p jet p+p: a short diversion and “practice,” or a crucial question? • “minimalist” physics • Momenta & parentage from PYTHIA • space by hand: x= “1 fm” + p/E • pT-dep from x-p correlations • resonances • formation time  • some from rescatt • mult dep from rescatt only • R(dN/d)  space-time properties of jet fragmentation/hadronization? [fundamental] • prediction of pT-dependence needed to test whether hard processes are really dominant here Paic and Skowronski J. Phys. G311045 (2005) see also Csorgo & Zajc hep-ph/0412243 (ISMD04) malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  27. p+p: a short diversion and “practice,” or a crucial question? • “minimalist” physics • Momenta & parentage from PYTHIA • space by hand: x= “1 fm” + p/E • pT-dep from x-p correlations • resonances • formation time  • some from rescatt • mult dep from rescatt only • R(dN/d)  space-time properties of jet fragmentation/hadronization? [fundamental] • prediction of pT-dependence needed to test whether hard processes are really dominant here • Black Holes / extra dimensions at LHC p+p ? • may be copiously produced (depending on mass) • look for long lifetimes (if d large) in high mult events ??? • even more fundamental, but expectations unclear[prelim from T. Humanic: small effect on HBT...] Humanic, Koch, Stocker hep-ph/0607097 Hossenfelder, Hofmann, Bleicher, Stocker Phys.Rev. D66 (2002) 101502 malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  28. le menu des espérances au LHC p+p NNUS: naive extrapolation • signif pT dep • R increase w/ mult as before (same pT dep etc) but scale by ~17% • R increase w/ mult • other details?? 5 as before(same pT dep etc) but scale by ~45% • very large RO in high mult?? hydro HRM jet RL scales with mult (x2 increase) [dynamics / chemistry / both ??] RL small increase (~30%) [huge flow  rapid cooling  short ] • RO,S • smaller increase (~30%) • higher flow  steeper pT dep p p • RO,S : huge flow  • larger increase (~60%) • steeper pT dep jet shape inversion; oscillation sign flip boissons entrées plats principaux malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  29. THE END malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

  30. references • Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry with identical bosons in relativistic heavy ion collisions: Comparisons with hadronic scattering models • Humanic, Int.J.Mod.Phys.E15:197-236,2006; nucl-th/0510049 • Tom’s review article; contains LHC predictions • RHIC-tested predictions for low-pT and high-pT hadron spectra in nearly central Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC • Eskola et al hep-ph/0506049; PRC72044904 (2005) • hydro predictions for spectra • no HBT per se, but timescales and sizes of freezeout at LHC versus RHIC are shown • Emission angle dependent pion interferometry at RHIC and beyond • Heinz and Kolb PLB542 216 (2002) • RHIC and LHC predictions for asHBT from hydro • Signatures for Black Hole production from hadronic observables at the Large Hadron Collider • Humanic, Koch, Stocker hep-ph/0607097 • surprisingly, no HBT, but discussion of possible BH formation, rates, and how to trigger on them (high-mult: will it follow multiplicity systematics if physics changes so much??) • Femtoscopy in heavy ion collisions: Wherefore, whence, and whither? • Lisa nucl-ex/0506049 (WPCF05) • systematics and PHOBOS-extrapolation-based “prediction” for LHC • Color Glass Condensate at the LHC: hadron multiplicities in pp, pA and AA collisions • Kharzeev, Levin & Nardi; NPA747 609 (2005) • not HBT, but multiplicity predictions, which of course can be coupled to HBT multiplicity systematics For proton-proton collisions: • Signatures for Black Hole production from hadronic observables at the Large Hadron Collider • Humanic, Koch, Stocker hep-ph/0607097 • surprisingly, no HBT, but discussion of possible BH formation, rates, and how to trigger on them (high-mult: will it follow multiplicity systematics if physics changes so much??) • Quasi-stable black holes at LHC • Hossenfieder, Hoffman, Bleicher, Stocker hep-ph/0109085; Phys.Rev. D66 (2002) 101502 • VERY nice plot of lifetime versus number of dimensions • Pion HBT for LHC p+p collisions using a simple causality model • Humanic, ppt presentation at PW2 meeting March 06 • Pythia and HRM - nice, simple calculations showing pT dep from simple formation time effect • Effect of hard processes on momentum correlations in pp and ppbar collisions • Paic and Skowronski; J. Phys. G311045 (2005) • from size and mult dep, make a connection to space-time properties of jet fragmentation • unfortunately, no pT prediction malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006

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