Lipids

1. Lipids

2. Lipid Structure Glycerol molecule • Fats, Oils, Cholesterol, Waxes • Monomer: Fatty Acid • Polymer: Lipid • Phospholipid: • Structure (3 parts): • “Head” = Glycerol & Phosphate • “Tails” = 2 Fatty acids • Function: Make up the cell membrane • Triglyceride: • Structure (2 parts): • “Head” = Glycerol • “Tails” = 3 Fatty acids • Function: Provide energy for cells, insulation • Cholesterol: Gives cell membrane flexibility

3. Saturated Fatty Acids • Long chain of C-C bonds (all single bonds) • Each C is “saturated” with H atoms • Common in animal fats • Health Alert! • Solid at room temps; more likely to clog veins Think

4. Unsaturated Fatty Acids • Chain with C=C bonds (double bonds) • Double bonds prevents H from attaching • Double bonds makes the chain crooked • Unsaturated: Less space for H atoms • Common in plants • Health Alert! • Liquid at room temps; Less likely to clog veins Think

5. Saturated vs. Unsaturated 18 16

6. Normally, blood flows freely through a vein Blood vein RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC

7. Too much saturated fats… Blood vein RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC Reduced circulation… Blood clots… High blood pressure Cholesterol & saturated fats

8. Cholesterol levels

9. Review Lipids What are the three parts of a phospholipid called? Which part is the “head”? Which part are the “tails”? How many? What are the 2 parts of a triglyceride called? Which part is the “head”? Which part are the “tails”? How many? How do saturated and unsaturated fatty acids differ? Which lipid gives cells their flexibility? Why are saturated fats less healthy?