The allure of the championship overshadow athlete’s prospective career

1. By Linh Ngo The allure of the championship overshadow athlete’s prospective career Blood doping in Sport

2. Athletes’ achievements • athletes are stronger and faster than ever • World records continue to be broken dramatically, it seems even those records once thought to be unbreakable. • achievements are claimed for the advancement in training techniques, like high attitude training, appropriate diet, and advance equipment.

3. illicit methods • However, among these achievements, some are also results of manipulating illicit techniques by which athletes have been used to reach their victories. • Blood doping are the controversial issue considered illegal method to use in sport world. • Popularly, there are several type of blood doping which are applied by athletes

4. Illicit methods (cont.) • athlete essentially donates erythrocytes to himself or herself. • Athlete receives a certain unit of red blood cells from another individual. • athlete can perform blood doping by injecting erythropoietin (EPO), a type of kidney hormones, which stimulates to increase red blood cells synthesis.

5. Blood doping- illicit methods • The world anti-doping has Banned blood doping • the competitive sport arena is fair arena to show talented. • Detrimental damages on cardiovascular system - Blood vessels - heart • Deadly lethal result may occur due to increasing Viscosity suddently.

6. The purpose to participate blood doping • Injecting red blood cells to increase delivery more oxygen to the cells sufficiently • muscles improve athletic muscles performance in high endurance event • process can increase the hemoglobin level and red blood cells count by up to 20% extra • Suppress muscle’s tiredness symptom like cramping, tingling sensation during enduring exercise due to high level of lactic acid accumulated in the blood.

7. Physiological function of red blood cells • Red blood cells have Short life-span 120 days approximately. • Synthesized constantly from bone marrow • Be the critical element in helping the cells to generate energy for the body’s needs • Traveling back and forth between cardiovascular system and pulmonary system • Pick up oxygenated blood from pulmonary and delivery to the cells through the heart • Carry deoxygenated blood back the pulmonary system to be exhaled

8. Blood doping’s drawback • Increase the friction in blood vessels • The heart works harder to bump the blood throughout the body • increases the viscosity of the blood • Potentially spreading transmitted diseases • Potentially damage athlete’s reputation

9. Forms of blood doping • Homologous transfusion: red blood cells are donated by another individual • Autologous transfusion: athlete’s own red blood cells • Erythropoietin (Epo): kidney hormone is injected to stimulate bone marrow to synthesis more red blood cells

10. Unexpected consequences • Blood doping is considered illegal and zero-tolerant in sport world • Lance arm strong scandal: • “tour de france” cyclist championin consecutive seven years • His victories was the result of blood doping • the USADA (united states anti-doping agency) stripped off all his victories. • He was banned from participating professional sport arena

11. The trophy must be the result of a hard work • The trophy is always the dream, hope, wish of any athlete who is pursuing in the professional gymnastic field. • athletes who desperately want to make their dream comes true by using illicit methods to gain the victory have never been considered as a champion in any professional sport events • appropriate methods to obtain for individual to increase the amount of hemoglobin by adapting a healthy diet (rich folic acid and vitamin b12), high attitude training • practicing patiently • PLAY FAIR