5 markers, Papers on the table , Notebook, Highlighters, Pencil or Pen

1. What you will need for class: 5 markers, Papers on the table , Notebook, Highlighters, Pencil or Pen

2. Anticipation Guide : 3 minutes

3. Lesson 1 : Overview of Muscle & Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle Unit 6 Muscle A. Skeletal Muscle

4. Describe the four characteristics of muscle and give real life examples. Lesson Essential Question

5. Bones cannot move themselves Composed of muscle tissue that highly specialized to contract, or shorten, to produce movement when stimulated Includes muscle tissue, blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. Muscle System

6. Size and location of muscle tissue helps determine the shape of our bodies and the way we move 40 to 50 % of the human body mass is composed of muscle tissue Muscle System

7. Properties that enable muscle to function and contribute to homeostasis • Excitability • Ability to respond to stimuli • Contractility • Ability to contract forcefully when stimulated , exerts a pull • Extensibility • Ability to stretch without being damaged and can still be contracted while in full stretch • Elasticity • Ability to return to an original length Characteristics of muscle

8. Skeletal Muscle

9. All muscle start as these spindly shaped cells from myoblasts – skeletal muscle cells fuse to form large fibers Skeletal muscle

10. Attaches to the skeleton by way of a tendon Functions are to produce movement , produce heat, posture Shape is cigar shaped, multinucleated, fibers in a parallel pattern , striated Skeletal muscle

11. Responsible for VOLUNTARY movement Also known as the conscious movement muscle Controlled through the CNS (Central Nervous System Skeletal muscle

12. Heat Production • Muscle cells produce heat via catabolism to maintain temperature homeostasis • Catabolism: The metabolic breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, often resulting in a release of energy. Skeletal muscle and heat

13. Posture • Continued partial contraction of muscle in order to perform many functions • Good Posture • Body alignment that favors function with lease work • Bad Posture • Puts abnormal strain on ligaments and bones Skeletal Muscle and Posture

14. Skeletal Muscle and Posture • Good Posture in Standing • Head and chest held high • Chin, abdomen, buttocks pulled in • Knees slightly bent • Feet firmly on the ground 6 inches apart

15. Muscle Tissue Anatomy

16. Fascia • Dense sheet or broad band of irregular connective tissue that surrounds muscles • Epimysium • Outermost layer • Separates 10-100 muscle fibers into bundles called fascicles • Perimysium • Surrounds numerous bundles of fascicles • Endomysium • Separates individual muscle fibers from one another • Tendon • Cord that attach a muscle to a bone Components of Skeletal Muscle Tissue

17. Sarcolemma • plasma membrane of an individual skeletal muscle fiber • Sarcoplasm • cytoplasm of skeletal muscle fibers is chocked full of contractile proteins arranged in myofibrils Components of Skeletal Muscle Tissue

18. Skeletal Muscle Fiber Anatomy

19. Skeletal Muscle Fiber Anatomy

20. Lesson 2 Unit 6 Muscle A. Skeletal Muscle

21. THREE MINUTES TO COMPLETE “PREDICT- ABLE” Chart

22. List the three proteins associated with skeletal muscle and give three facts for each. Lesson Essential Question

23. Sarcolemma (Brown: D) • Outside membrane of the grouping of muscle fibers • Sarcoplasm(Blue) • Surrounds each myofibril • Myofibril (Purple: A) • Fibers of muscle • T-tubules (Yellow: C) • Allows impulses to travel along sarcolemma deeper into muscle cell (fiber) • Sarcoplasmic reticulum (Green: E) • Network of tubules and sacs: pumps calcium ions in from sarcoplasm to store in sacs The Skeletal Muscle Fiber

24. Sarcomere Coloring Sheet

25. Sarcomere is one muscle cell • Z-line • Where the muscle cell ends and begins • M-Line • The middle of the thick filaments, center of the sarcomere • H- zone • The area between two actin or thin bands • I-Band • Light colored bands attached to the Z-lines , actin • A-Band • Dark colored bands the middle of the sarcomere, myosin Microscopic View Sarcomere

26. Myofibrils are built from three groups of proteins • Contractile proteins • generate force during contraction • Regulatory proteins • help switch the contraction process on and off • Structural proteins • keep the thick and thin filaments in proper alignment and link the myofibrils to the sarcolemma and extracellular matrix Skeletal Muscle : Protein

27. The thin filaments are comprised mostly of the structural protein actin, and the thick filaments are comprised mostly of the structural protein myosin both types of filaments, there are also other structural and regulatory proteins Skeletal Muscle : Protein

28. In the thin filaments actin proteins are strung together like a bead of pearls In the thick filaments myosin proteins look like golf clubs bound together Muscle Protein

29. In this first graphic, the myosin binding sites on the actin proteins are readily visible. The regulatory proteins troponin and tropomyosin have been added to the bottom graphic: The myosin binding sites have been covered Muscle Protein

30. Titan • third most plentiful protein in muscle, after actin and myosin - it extends from the Z disc and accounts for much of the elasticity of myofibrils • Dystrophin • is absent in the disease of muscular dystrophy Muscle Protein

31. Lesson 3 : Contraction of Skeletal Muscle Unit 6 Muscle A. Skeletal Muscle

32. Organize the steps of the sliding filament theory in order of contraction. Lesson Essential Question

33. Steps of the Sliding Filament Theory

34. Myosin heads hydrolyze ATP and become reoriented Step 1: ATP Hydrolysis

35. Myosin heads bind to actin, and form a “cross bridge” Step 2: Attachment

36. Myosin cross bridges rotate toward center of the sarcomere Step 3: Power Stroke

37. Step 4: Detachment