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The female reproductive system

The female reproductive system. The female reproduction system produces the female gamete (egg) and protects the developing embryo / foetus. Side view. Sperm Duct. Seminal Vesicle. link to interactive diagram at Kid’sHealth. The male reproductive system.

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The female reproductive system

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  1. The female reproductive system The female reproduction system produces the female gamete (egg) and protects the developing embryo / foetus

  2. Side view Sperm Duct Seminal Vesicle link to interactive diagram at Kid’sHealth The male reproductive system The male reproduction system produces and delivers the male gamete (sperm)

  3. Sperm is made in testes • Travels down sperm duct • Mixed with seminal fluid at prostrate

  4. link to animation at bbc.co.uk Growth & Puberty • Growth is a characteristic of all living things • During puberty the reproductive systems mature • After puberty a human is called an adult

  5. link to animation The menstrual cycle • 28 day cycle in the female • Controlled by chemicals called hormones • An egg is produced, and the womb develops a thick lining of blood vessels to be prepared for pregnancy • If the egg is not fertilised, the lining leaves the womb – menstruation – and the cycle begins again

  6. Stages in the menstrual cycle

  7. Fertile period in the menstrual cycle The egg is, usually, released around Day 14 of a 28 day cycle Fertilisation is possible for several days around this time

  8. link to ‘how stuff works’ animation Sexual intercourse Millions of sperm are transferred in a fluid called semen…they immediately begin swimming towards the single egg cell

  9. Fertilisation • Occurs when a male gamete (sperm) fuses with the female gamete (egg) to form a zygote • Also referred to as conception Sperm + egg = zygote

  10. Fertilisation • Fertilisation usually happens in the fallopian tube • A fertilised egg – zygote - then moves down into the wall of the uterus / womb

  11. link to animation Pregnancy • a zygote undergoes cell division and develops within the womb into a foetus • over 40 weeks the foetus develops all its human features • It develops inside a protective sac of fluid • It receives food via a blood supply in the placenta

  12. Placenta • Exchange and filter system where embryo gets nutrients from mothers blood without the 2 bloods mixing

  13. Link to birth animation Links to an animation – may be slow to load… Birth After about 40 weeks, when the baby is fully developed, the following happens: • The sac of protective fluid breaks open • The muscles of the uterus / womb contract very strongly to push the baby out • After the baby is born, the placenta is also pushed out of the womb • The umbilical cord between baby and placenta is cut

  14. Contraception Main methods of preventing conception: • Chemical - prevention of gamete formation e.g. the Pill • Physical barrier – preventing the gametes from meeting e.g. condom • Timing – avoiding sexual intercourse during the fertile period of the menstrual cycle

  15. Find the answers: • Why are human babies born so “helpless” compared to some animal babies? • Why are human babies’ heads so big in comparison to their bodies? • What are conjoined twins and how do they occur? • What is foetal alcohol syndrome ?

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