TRUE OR FALSE?

1. TRUE OR FALSE? Most likely, we have all been drug users at some point in our lives.

2. Stimulant Drugs

3. What are 2 stimulant drugs we have already discussed?

4. Stimulant Drugs: speed up the body • WHILE 'HIGH': • elevate mood • increase feelings of well-being • increase energy and alertness Includes: nicotine caffeine cocaine amphetamines methamphetamine bath salts MDMA (ecstasy)

5. How do they work? • Stimulants cause a buildup of dopamine in the brain • With repeated use, stimulants can disrupt the functioning of the brain’s dopamine system • dampening users’ ability to feel any pleasure at all • People may try to compensate by taking more and more of the drug to experience the same pleasure

6. Stimulants: General Short Term Effects • Stimulants can also cause the body’s blood vessels to narrow • The heart may work so hard that it temporarily loses its natural rhythm • called "fibrillation"

7. Stimulants: General Long Term Effects • paranoia • aggressiveness • extreme anorexia • thinking problems • visual and auditory hallucinations • delusions

8. Swallowed in pill form Snorted in powder form through the nostrils, where the drug is absorbed into the bloodstream through the nasal tissues. Forms of use: Stimulants Injected, using a needle and syringe, to release the drug directly into a vein. Heated in crystal form and smoked (inhaled into the lungs). creates FAST & SHORT high creates SLOWER but LONGER high

9. Nicotine

10. Caffeine Most popular and widely used drug in the world • takes about 5-30 min to enter bloodstream • varied effect on each person • Crash?

11. Cocaine: “coke,” “C,“ “snow,” “flake,“ “blow,” “bump,“ “candy,“ “Charlie,” “rock,” and “toot.” “Crack,” Comes in 2 forms: • Powder Cocaine • mixed with hydrochloric salt, made from the leaf of the coca plant • "Crack": Smokable form of cocaine • processed with chemicals and heated to remove hydrochloride

12. Cocaine: Methods • Powder cocaine is usually snorted or injected • Street dealers generally dilute cocaine with: • other substances • such as cornstarch, talcum powder, or sugar • active drugs • such as procaine, a chemical that produces local anesthesia • other stimulants • such as amphetamines • "Crack" Cocaine is often smoked in a glass pipe

13. Cocaine: Specific Effects of Use • Repeated use of cocaine can lead to tolerance of its euphoric effects • Such use can lead to bizarre, erratic behavior • panic attacks or episodes of full-blown paranoid psychosis • individual loses touch with reality and hears sounds that aren’t there (auditory hallucinations) **Most people who die from cocaine use, die the first time they use the substance**

14. Cocaine User: Curiosity

15. Amphetamines: “speed,” “bennies,” “black beauties,” “crosses,” “hearts,” “LA turnaround,” “truck drivers,” and “uppers.” • Adderall, etc. • Come in pill form • swallowed • May be prescribed by a doctor • especially for ADHD • High risk for it's abuser if not prescribed

16. Methamphetamine: “speed,” “meth,” “chalk,” and “tina.” In its smokeable form, it’s often called “ice,” “crystal,” “crank,” “glass,” “fire,” and “go fast.” • Powerful stimulant • Derived from amphetamine • Clear crystals or powder,easily dissolved in water or alcohol • Very dangerous risk of toxic fumes and explosions

17. Methamphetamine: Methods • swallowed, snorted, injected, or smoked • "Ice" : Smokeable form • large, clear crystals with high purity that are smoked, like crack, in a glass pipe

18. Methamphetamines: Specific Effects • violent behavior • mood disturbance and psychosis including: • paranoia • can result in homicidal and suicidal thoughts • auditory hallucinations • delusions • the sensation of insects creeping on the skin,called “formication” • risky behaviors & the transmission of infectious diseases, such as HIV

19. The face of Meth...

21. "Your Body on Drugs"-Curiosity

22. Synthetic Cathinones [Bath Salts]: new family of drugs containing one or more man-made chemicals related to cathinone, an amphetamine-like stimulant typically swallowed, inhaled, or injected Street Names: Bath salts are usually white or brown crystalline powder and are sold in small plastic or foil packages labeled “not for human consumption.” Sometimes labeled as “plant food”—or, more recently, as various 'cleaners'. DO NOT confuse 'bath salts' with 'Epsom salts' which are sold to enhance the bathing experience, and have NO DRUG-LIKE PROPERTIES

23. Bath Salts: Specific Effects Effects: • euphoria • increased sociability • paranoia • agitation • hallucinations • loss of contact with reality • act violently • Deaths have been reported in several cases

24. Bath Salts: More Specific Effects • Many ER visits for • Cardiac Problems • racing heart • high blood pressure • chest pains • Dehydration • Breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue • Kidney Failure • Ultimately, Death HIGH addiction potential

25. Bath Salts: The Unknown • shown to have 10x stronger effects on dopamine in the brain than cocaine • shown to have hallucinations similar to Ecstasy (MDMA) or LSD

26. Ecstasy (MDMA): 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine “E,” “XTC,” “X,” “Adam,” “hug,” “beans,” “clarity,” “lover's speed,” “love drug,” and "molly." MDMA is man-made—it doesn't come from a plant like marijuana or tobacco do. Other chemicals or substances—such as caffeine, dextromethorphan (found in some cough syrups), amphetamines, PCP, or cocaine— are sometimes added to, or substituted for, MDMA in Ecstasy tablets. Makers of MDMA can add anything they want to the drug, so its purity is always in question. • swallowed in the form of pill, tablet or capsule • sometimes people take more than one • called 'bumping'

27. Ecstasy (MDMA): What Happens? • A “hit” of MDMA lasts for 3 to 6 hours • Once the pill is swallowed, it takes only about 15 minutes for MDMA to enter the bloodstream and reach the brain • About 45 minutes later, the person experiences MDMA's “high.” That’s when the drug is at its peak level • feeling very alert, or “hyper” • loss of a sense of time • changes in perception, such as an enhanced sense of touch • sweating or chills

28. Ecstasy (MDMA) Effects Continued • nausea • muscle tension • increased heart rate and blood pressure • forceful teeth clenching Even if a person only takes 1 pill, they may feel it's effects for a week or longer • anxiety, sadness, loss of memory, and depression

29. Ecstasy (MDMA) Dangers People who use MDMA can become dehydrated through vigorous activity in a hot environment. It may not seem like a big deal, but when MDMA interferes with the body's ability to regulate its temperature, it can cause dangerous overheating, called hyperthermia. This, in turn, can lead to serious heart and kidney problems—or, rarely, death.

30. Please put guided notes AWAY! • Do not let other players see your name tag • WITHOUT saying your drug name, give other players clues while they try to figure out what your (drug) name is • Start with clue #1, allow them to guess. Then tell them clue #2, allow them to guess. Finally, reveal clue #3.

31. Exit Ticket Question: What are 5 kinds of stimulant drugs? Journal: What do you feel is the most dangerous stimulant drug and why?