Vojtěch Kupka Brno, University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry

Vojtěch KupkaBrno, University of Technology,Faculty of Chemistry

HYALURONIC ACID

DISCOVERY 1934 - Karl Meyer and his assistant John Palmer isolated new glykoaminoglycane from the vitreous humour of bovine eyes vitreous humour – sklivec bovine – hovězí, kravský

ETYMOLOGY -hyalos (Greek for vitreous) -uronic acid (possesses high content of uronic acid)

STRUCTURE -it consists of repeating disacharides units D-N‑acetylglucosamine b-D-glucuronic acid -the units are joined with repeating beta‑1,4 and beta‑1,3 glycosidic bonds

OCCURENCE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE -in the skin (about 50 % of the total hyaluronan in the body) -the vitreous humour of the eye -in the synovial fluid (3‑4 mg/ml) -in the matrix around the oocyt during ovulation (~0,5 mg/ml) -in some situations rapid increase (shock incidents, wound healing, septicaemia) synovial fluid - kloubní maz wound healing – hojení ran septicaemia – otrava krve

USE • in the late fifties hyaluronan was applied for the first time to humans - as vitreous humour replacement during eye surgery - hyaluronan improves properties of synovia and silences pain in joints surgery – operace, chirurgie joint - kloub

- for healthy and fresh skin to improve the effectiveness of local anaesthesia to prevent tissue destruction hyaluronates are widely used in many branches of medicine like orthopaedia, surgery, ophthalmology, oncology, dermatology, gynaecology - may have anticancer effects and can suppress tumour progression, however, the findings are rather inconsistent suppress – potlačovat tumour – nádor, otok, zduření

- in plastic surgery (Restylane) – for bigger an better lips before after

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Vojtěch Kupka Brno, University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry