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Counterterrorism Efforts Against Harakat ul-Mujahidin (HuM). Hassan Hosh. FTO. 1997 the U.S. designated Harakat ul-Ansar a terrorist organization. To avoid ramifications the organization returned to it’s original name Harakat ul -Mujahidin.
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Counterterrorism Efforts Against Harakat ul-Mujahidin (HuM) Hassan Hosh
FTO • 1997 the U.S. designated Harakatul-Ansar a terrorist organization. To avoid ramifications the organization returned to it’s original name Harakatul-Mujahidin. • Following the 9/11 attacks President Bush signed an order banning HuMbecause of links to Osama bin Laden • President Bush ordered a freeze of all assets in the US belonging to suspected Islamic terrorist groups • Gave the Treasury Secretary new powers to enforce sanctions on international banks that did business with terrorist groups
Use of Force • 1998 Operation Infinite Reach • 2001 coalition air strikes destroyed HuM training camps in eastern Afghanistan • Indian Army forces and police killed a number of HuM leadership in the Kashmir region
Pakistan • Suspected ties between ISI and HuM because of shared interests concerning Kashmir • US demanded Pakistan to crackdown on terrorist operations • Pakistani government froze the assets held by HuM in late September 2001 • HuM was banned in Pakistan in 2003
Conclusions • December 1999 HuM General Secretary Masood Azhar was freed by the Indian government • Masood split from HuM and formed Jalish-e-Mohammed • HuM lost majority of it’s members to JeM and their operational capabilities diminished • HuM terrorist activities conducted mainly in Kashmir