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Eratóstenes , astrónomo de Alejandría , Egipto

Eratóstenes , astrónomo de Alejandría , Egipto siglo III A.C! observó que a una determinada hora , una estaca vertical no producía sombra en “ Syene ” ( extremo sur del río Nilo ), y en cambio , producía sombra en “ Alejandría ”, a 700 km de Syene (el 21 de junio )

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Eratóstenes , astrónomo de Alejandría , Egipto

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  1. Eratóstenes, astrónomo de Alejandría, Egipto siglo III A.C! observóque a unadeterminadahora, unaestaca vertical no producíasombra en “Syene” (extremosur del ríoNilo), y en cambio, producíasombra en “Alejandría”, a 700 km de Syene (el 21 de junio) Eratostenes, an astronomer from Alejandria, 3rd century, observed that at a certain time, a vertical post didn’t have shade in “Syene” whereas it did have shade in Alejandria, 8700 kilometros from Syene (Jun 21st) 1 (Simplificado) (Simplified) Syene Syene Alejandría Alejandría 700 km 2 Sabíaque el Sol estabamuylejos de la Tierra, por lo tantopodíaasumirque los rayossolaresquellegaban a la Tierra eranparalelos. Si nuestratierrafueraplana (orígen del nombreplaneta!), lassombrasdeberían ser iguales… luego, esuna “redondeta”, no un “planeta” He knew that the sun was very far from the earth, consequently, he could assume that the solar rays are parallel.If our earth were plane (origin of the term planet!), the shades should be equal… therefore, it is rather a “roundet”, not a planet 700 km

  2. 4 Midióeste ángulo de 7º He measured an angle of 7 degrees. Infirióqueeste el ángulo(en centro de la tierra) tambiéndebe ser de 7º He inferred that the angle (in the center of the earth) should also be 7 degrees 3 usando el concepto de “alternosinternos entre paralelas” Using the concept of Internal alternative parallels. 700 km 5 Ahora…regla de tres simple: Si a 7º le corresponden 700 km, a 360º, le corresponden 36.000 km 7º_______ 700 km 1º_______ 100 km 360º_____ 36.000 km Si damos la vuelta al mundo (siguiendoporejemplo el paralelo del Ecuador), recorreremosaprox 40.000 km. Error del cálculo: 10% !!! Now…Simple Rule of Three If 7 Degrees corresponds to 700 km, 360 degrees must corresponds to 36.000 km. If we go around the earth, continuing for example parallel to Ecuador we go around approx 40.000 km. His calculation was 10% off !!! 6

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