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Discovering Taxonomy: Classifying Life Forms

"Explore the world of taxonomy and classification in living things. Learn about Linnaeus and binomial nomenclature, understand the levels of classification, and discover how species are categorized. Prepare for the Classification Test and Alabama Science Assessment. Dive into the process of grouping organisms based on their similarities. Unveil the significance of scientific names and their meanings in Latin. Remember the levels of classification with a simple mnemonic. Test your knowledge with exit slips focusing on scientific names and classification levels."

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Discovering Taxonomy: Classifying Life Forms

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  1. Monday, March 14, 2011 • Bell Ringer • Why do we classify things, such as the books in a library or the groceries in a store?. • Objectives: • Identify the two parts of a scientific name. • Explain how organisms are classified. • Describe the levels of classification in living things. • Classification Test Wednesday, March 23.. • Alabama Science Assessment is April 5.

  2. Classification • The process of grouping things based on their similarities. • Putting things into groups based on how they are alike.

  3. Taxonomy • Taxonomy is the scientific study of how living things are classified. • By studying taxonomy, scientists know certain characteristics of an organism based on its classification.

  4. Sharks • Sharks are classified as cartilaginous fish. • What does this tell us about them?

  5. Rose Bush • A rose bush is a plant. • What does that tell us about it?

  6. Linnaeus • In the 1750s, Linnaeus developed a system of naming organisms that is still used today. • He put organisms into groups based on their observable features.

  7. Binomial Nomenclature • Based on their characteristics, Linnaeus gave each organism a two-word name. • This naming system is known as binomial nomenclature • “Binomial” means two names

  8. Genus • The first word in an organism’s name is its genus. • A genus (plural genera) is a classification grouping that contains similar, closely related organisms. • EXAMPLE: pumas, marbled cats, and house cats are all in the genus Felis. • All organisms in the genus Felis have sharp, retractable claws and they hunt other animals.

  9. Species • The second word in a scientific name is the species. • The species name often describes a distinctive feature of an organism, such as where it lives or its appearance. • A species is a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce.

  10. SPECIES • EXAMPLE: • Felis concolor (puma): concolor means “the same color” • Felis marmorata (Marbled cat): marmorata means “marble” • Felis domesticus (House cat): domesticus means “of the house”

  11. Using Binomial Nomenclature • A complete scientific name is written in italics. • Only the first letter of the genus is capitalized. • The species name does not begin with a capital letter. • Scientific names are written in Latin. • All scientists use the same system of classification to prevent confusion.

  12. Levels of Classification • Domain – largest classification group; made up of kingdoms • Kingdom – 2nd largest classification group; made up of phlya • Phylum – made up of classes • Class – made up of orders • Order – made up of families • Family – made up of one or more genera • Genus – made of one or more species • Species – smallest classification group; made of only one kind of organism

  13. How to Remember • To remember the levels of classification in order from largest level to the smallest, just remember the following sentence: • Dashing King Phillip Came Over For Great Spaghetti.

  14. How will that help me remember? • The first letter of each word is the same first letter of each level of classification.

  15. Exit Slips • On a piece of paper, answer the following questions. • What are the two parts of a scientific name? • What classification level includes only those organisms that can mate and produce offspring that can also mate? • What classification level has the most members? • What classification level has more members than the order, but fewer than a phylum?

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