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Massachusetts Bay Colony: A “City Upon A Hill”. The Pilgrims Arrive Puritans and the Development of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Pilgrims Arrive. The Pilgrims ( separatists ) are escaping religious persecution under King James I. Pilgrims want to separate from the Church of England.
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Massachusetts Bay Colony:A “City Upon A Hill” The Pilgrims Arrive Puritans and the Development of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
The Pilgrims Arrive • The Pilgrims (separatists) are escaping religious persecution under King James I. Pilgrims want to separate from the Church of England. • Arrive in 1620 they land outside of the charter’s grant and must form their own governing body • The Mayflower Compact, 1620, was the 1st example of self-rule in colonies. It was written for the good of all community members and supported idea of majority rule.
Early Troubles • Pilgrims go through their own ‘Starving Time” minus cannibalism • Indians will help them learn about planting crops under the condition that Pilgrims protect them from their enemies • This is why there is a famous first Thanksgiving in the fall of 1621
Pilgrim Leadership • William Bradford, 1st governor of Plymouth proclaims Indians are “savage and brutish men” • Miles Standish, a soldier will attack enemies of Wampanoag and placed Indian heads on pikes • Pilgrims begin to live on Indian lands and live in Indian homes left empty because of diseases and warfare
Puritans • Puritans are harassed by King Charles and the Church and flee England in 1630 • They wanted to “purify” the Church of it’s Catholic practices • Receive a royal charter to settle in New England and are a joint-stock company • Are well prepared for any problem and do not suffer any hardships like the “Starving Time”
“City Upon a Hill” • Sermon by John Winthrop that inspired Puritan colonists with a sense of “holy duty” • Puritans would be a model of a perfect Protestant community for all the world to see
Political Development of Massachusetts Bay Colony • The Puritans hold town meetings were men meet to make laws and discussed community issues • Only male church members could vote on issues and elect their representatives • Those that can vote in local government are called “freemen”
With Indians they at first learn how to agricultural techniques and learn how to farm corn, beans, pumpkins, and potatoes • Puritans are involved in trade with Indians for items like: blankets, iron pots, metal tipped arrows and guns • Puritans will concentrate on raising livestock which need open fields to graze and desire Indian land
Social Development of Massachusetts Bay Colony • You were required to attend church services • “New England Way” was a belief that you should work hard, be honest and be a good person • Education is mandatory, every Puritan is expected to be able to read the bible • John Winthrop, a lawyer and religious leader wants New England to be “A City Upon a Hill”
Economical Development of Massachusetts Bay Colony • The regions is not flat like in the Chesapeake Bay region (no land to plant crops) • Puritans adapt to region and are involved in fishing, fur trading, lumbering and farming • They will also become the largest ship building region of the colonies due the forest areas surrounding them • Puritans will also be heavily involved in trade with the Caribbean and Europe
Conflict with Native Americans • The Pequot War will be a war against Dutch settlers and Indians over trade in the region • It is a brutal war. Puritans will burn hundreds of Indians alive in a stockade • The Pequot tribe will be almost wiped out and sold into slavery • King Philip’s War will be mainly because of Puritan land grabs of Indian land