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Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome. Ms. Orville. Do Now: Where in the world is Rome?. Label: Mediterranean Sea Adriatic Sea Tyrrhenian Sea Ionian Sea Tiber River Po River Major Areas: Rome Carthage Corsica Sicily Sardinia Mountains: Alps Apennine Mountains Mt Etna (Volcano) Mt Vesuvius (Volcano).

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Ancient Rome

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  1. Ancient Rome Ms. Orville

  2. Do Now: Where in the world is Rome?

  3. Label: Mediterranean Sea Adriatic Sea Tyrrhenian Sea Ionian Sea Tiber River Po River Major Areas: Rome Carthage Corsica Sicily Sardinia Mountains: Alps Apennine Mountains Mt Etna (Volcano) Mt Vesuvius (Volcano)

  4. Vocabulary Republic- a type of government in which citizens select, have the right to choose, their leaders Consul- a person elected by the Roman Senate, led the Roman Republic and commanded the army Veto- the power to reject or stop passage of a law Dictator- a ruler who has absolutely power & authority Twelve Tablets- group of laws, 451 BCE foundation of Roman law

  5. Vocabulary Province- self-governing region of an empire Colosseum- large amphitheater built in Rome 70 CE. Contests & combats- large sports area Aqueduct- large stone structure built by Romans to carry water long distance Polytheism- a belief in more then one god Census- official count of people living in a place Arch- curved structure used as a support over an open space, as in a doorway

  6. Vocabulary- people Emperor- male ruler of an empire Patrician- a member of a wealthy family Plebeian- ordinary citizen Gladiator- a person, often a slave, prisoner of war, or criminal who fought in the Roman Colosseum to entertain the public Disciple- a follower of a person or belief Martyr- a person who dies for a cause Mercenary- a soldier who serves for pay in a foreign army. Fights for pay, not loyalty Pope- head of the Roman Catholic church

  7. The rise of Julius Caesar • Led army that conquered Gaul • Captured huge amounts of gold • Strong leadership won him loyalty • Brought army back to Italy and had a war against the senate • Became dictator of Rome • Took a lot of power from the senate • 45 BCE: became the only consul • 44 BCE: became dictator for life • Too similar to a king, Romans didn’t like it • March 15th, 44 BCE senate assassinated him

  8. Octavian Augustus • Augustus- “honored one” • Popular general •  god like emperor • Massive building projects • Peace & good government

  9. PaxRomana • “Roman Peace” • 200 years • Largest empire • Trade flourished • Athenian Golden age Vs. PaxRomana • http://prezi.com/59furyau0bjf/athenian-golden-age-vs-pax-romana/

  10. Gladiators “Gladius”- sword Slaves, prisoners, condemned criminals Form of entertainment Fights to the death

  11. Fall of the Roman Empire • Political • The dictatorial government was frequently inefficient & corrupt • Did not command people’s loyalty • Vast Empire • Primitive transportation & communication • Could not be governed efficiently • Rivalry over the throne • Resulted in Civil Wars • Forgot about the Senate • Army settled political issues • Economic • Small farmers abandoned their land  became workers on large estates • Lost incentive to improve farming methods/increase production • Self-sufficient large estates hurt trade & slowed industry • Heavy taxation • Slaves • Caused plebeian unemployment

  12. Fall of the Roman Empire • Social Reasons • Interests: Luxury & survival • Patriotism, service, hard work, & morality- GONE • Sharp class distinctions • Upper class= wealthy & educated • Lower class= poor & ignorant • Social castes • Father’s occupation became children’s occupation • Cities • Declined as people fled to rural regions • Romans forgot their past • Lost sense of identity & values

  13. Fall of the Roman Empire • Warlike spirit weakened by Christian teachings of peace • Mercenaries- hired foreigners • Uncertain loyalty • Continuous overthrowing of emperors • Armies considered themselves masters of the state Military Reasons

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