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AGATA A. Gadea (IFIC, CSIC-Univ. Valencia) for the AGATA collaboration. FEE Workshop November 17 th -18 th 2011. PROMETEO. Tracking Arrays based on Position Sensitive Ge Detectors. Large g- Arrays based on Compton Suppressed Spectrometers. EUROBALL. AGATA. e ~ 10 — 5 %
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AGATA A. Gadea (IFIC, CSIC-Univ. Valencia)for the AGATA collaboration FEE Workshop November 17th -18th2011 PROMETEO
Tracking Arrays based on Position Sensitive Ge Detectors Large g-Arrays based on Compton Suppressed Spectrometers EUROBALL AGATA e~ 10 — 5 % ( Mg=1 - Mg=30) e~ 40 — 20 % ( Mg=1 - Mg=30) Compact g-Arrays optimized Doppler correction, low Mg EXOGAM MINIBALL e~ 20 % Mg=1
· · · · · · · · g Concept ofg-Tracking Highly segmented HPGe detectors NOVEL PRE-AMPS Identified interaction points Reconstruction of interaction tracks (tracking algorithmson interaction points)DAQ TRACKING-FARM (x,y,z,E,t)i Pulse Shape Analysisto de-convolute therecorded wavesDAQ PSA - FARM Synchronized digital electronics record and process the segment signalsDIGITIZERS +PRE-PROCESSING On-line reconstruction of g-rays
Encapsulation AGATA(Advanced GAmma Tracking Array) 180 hexagonal crystals: 3 shapes 60 triple-clusters: all equal Inner radius (Ge): 23.5 cm Amount of germanium: 362 kg Solid angle coverage: 82 % 36-fold segmentation 6480 segments Crystal singles rate ~50 kHz Efficiency (Mg=1 [30]): 43% [28%] Peak/Total (Mg=1 [30]): 58% [49%] 6660 high-resolution digital electronics channelsHigh throughput DAQ Pulse Shape Analysis position sensitive operation mode g-ray tracking algorithms maximum efficiency and P/T
AGATA Triple Cryostat • - integration of 111 high • Resolution spectroscopy • channels - cold FET technology for all signals - mechanical precision - optimal LN2 consumption - microphonics - noise, high frequencies @1.3 MeV @ 60 keV FWHM [keV] Core 2.10 keV @ 1.3 MeV 1.20 keV @ 60 keV
The AGATA sub-array installed at LNL
Position Resolution from in-beam tests. 30Si@70MeV + 12C • 30Si@70MeV + 12C g ray Dq Position Resolution FWHM <5mm Eg>1 MeV q Recoil Beam Compton Pair-production P.-A. Söderström J. Nyberg Uppsala University F. Recchia, INFN-Padova PhotoElectric Position of first interactions at AGATA nominal distance
Sector Ring T30 T60 T90 90% <110> <010> T90 10% AGATA Detector Characterization Segment Signals: Azimuthal position Depth Core Signals: Radial position
Fast 1st Level Trigger Clock 100 MHz T-Stamp PSA FARM Core + 36 seg. Other detectors Control, Storage… TRACKING Digital preamplifier concept Structure of Electronics and DAQ DIGITIZER PREAMPL. Other Detectors GL Trigger 75.5db SNR 12.2 ENOB Diff. Fast-reset-TOT INFN-MI/GANIL/KÖLN IPHC/Liverpool/ STFC 200MB/s/ segment Detector Level ATCA Carrier GTS GTS INFN-Pd HIGH THROUGHTPUT PRE-PROCESSING CARRIER / MEZZANINES 100MB/s/detector IPNO/CSNSM/INFN-Pd Global Level DAQ-NARVALRUN- & SLOW-Control EVENT BUILDER Other detectors IPNO/CSNSM/LNL/GANIL/IFJ-PAN interface to GTS, merge time-stamped data into event builder, prompt local trigger from digitisers
AGATA hybrid charge sensitive preamplifiers … with fast reset capability Ideal non-saturated output without pulsed-reset Saturated output without pulsed-reset ADC overflow voltage level Preamplifier output with continuous-reset (50s decay time constant) Output with pulsed-reset An ADC overflow condition would saturate the system for a long while A pulsed-reset mechanism allows a fast recovery of the output quiescent value minimizing the system dead time INFN-Milano, GANIL, IKP-Köln
Time-Over-Threshold (TOT) technique F.Zocca, A.Pullia, G.Pascovici second-order time-energy relation offset Baseline correction E = energy of the large signal T = reset time V1 , V2 = pre-pulse and post-pulse baselines b1 , b2 , k1 , E0 = fitting parameters Within ADC range“pulse-height mode” Beyond ADC range “reset mode”
The AGATA Digitiser Excellent Performance: SNR average value 75.45 dB. ENOB average value 12.24 bits • 1 module per AGATA crystal (3 per AGATA triple cluster) • Analogue and Digital Inspection lines • Digital CFD decupled output for General purpose trigger (e.g. Fast trigger complementary detectors conventional electronics ) • Local histogramming capability IPHC Strasbourg, The University of Liverpool, STFC-Daresbury
ATCA Pre-Processing Electronics SEGMENT mezzanine(also Core mezzanine) 6 channels GTS mezzanine INFN-Padova The Pre-Processing is the first level that can interact with the Global Trigger through the GTS mezzannine. It receives, and send to the Digitizer, the Global clock synchronizing the system. ATCA -Carrier IPN-Orsay, CSNSM-Orsay, INFN-Padova
Analogue vs Digital Electronics Standard Arrays E Shaping Amplifier ADC Detector (Germanium) DAQ t TDC CFD AGATA E E MWD E Detector (Germanium) t t FADC DCFD PSA Tracking DAQ t x,y,z Filters Segment Detector Array
Energy with Digital signals: Moving Window Deconvolution • removes shaping-effect of preamplifier⇒current signal recovered • calculates real collected charge by integrating current signal integration carried out within a moving window to avoid summation of events • noise-suppression by averaging charge signal • recursive algorithm G[n] = G[n – 1] + FADC[n] – k × FADC[n – 1] – FADC[n – L] + k × FADC[n – L – 1] k = pre-amplifier response (e –a) A.Georgiev & W.Gast IEEE Nucl. Sci. 40 (1993) 770
Energy with Digital signals: Moving Window Deconvolution • removes shaping-effect of preamplifier⇒current signal recovered • calculates real collected charge by integrating current signal integration carried out within a moving window to avoid summation of events • noise-suppression by averaging charge signal • recursive algorithm G[n] = G[n – 1] + FADC[n] – k × FADC[n – 1] – FADC[n – L] + k × FADC[n – L – 1] k = pre-amplifier response (e –a) A.Georgiev & W.Gast IEEE Nucl. Sci. 40 (1993) 770
Digital Pulse Processing for typical functions • Leading Edge Discrimination: • •y[n]=x[n]-x[n-k](differentiation) • •y[n]= (x[n]+x[n-2]) +x[n-1]<<1(Gaussianfiltering) • •Threshold comparison →LED time • Constant Fraction Discrimination: • •y[n]=x[n]-x[n-k](differentiation) • •y[n]= (x[n]+x[n-2]) +x[n-1]<<1(Gaussianfiltering) • •y[n]=x[n-k]<<a-x[n](constant fraction) • •Zero crossing comparison →CFD time J.T. Anderson IEEE Nucl. Sci. 25 (2007) 1751
The Central Contact at 40 kHz 28 events 5 pileups Samples SCC, MWD (width 5 ms) 1 mssampled at 100 Ms/s AGATA pre-processing common widths 4ms (low rate) and 2.5ms (high rate)
Partitions Coincidence • Prompt and delayed • Case study: • M(Ge) >= N and M(Other Detector) >= K before/after deltaT M. Bellato, L. Berti, J. Chavas, INFN-Pd and LNL
AGATA and Other Detectors prompt trigger Digitizer Other Analogue REQ VAL REQ VAL Pre-processing GTS local AGAVA IFJ-PAN Other VME PSA Other Readout Trigger GTS supervisor Event Builder Pre-processing Ancillary Merge Tracking Online analysis Storage Advanced Data Flow system developed in ADA NARVAL DAQ IPN-Orsay, CSNSM-OrsayINFN-LNL,GANIL,IFJ-PAN-Crakow
Interaction - Reconstruction Mechanisms ~ 100 keV ~1 MeV ~ 10 MeV g-ray energy Photoelectric Compton Scattering Pair Production Isolated hits Angle/Energy Pattern of hits Probability of E1st = Eg – 2 mc2 interaction depth Reconstruction efficiencies are limited by : Position resolution; Short range scattering; Compton profile.
The AGATA Phase 1Objective of phase 1 (2010-2015) Beyond the AGATA Demonstrator: • Phase 1 20 triple Clusters • The first “real” tracking array AGATA Demonstrator AGATA > 1p To be used at FAIR-HISPEC, SPIRAL2, SPES … Coupled to spectrometers, beam tracker, LCP arrays …
Future FEE R&D INFN-Padova, INFN-Milano, CSNSM-Orsay +Working Group • New Electronics needed: 32 Capsules already ordered (new coming) • Commitment: No Triple Cluster without instrumentation • Production Delivery within 2013 • Design: Same basis, compatible (possibly), more integrated, lower costs INFN-Padova / INFN-Milano Distributed FEE Proposal CSNSM-Orsay Embedded FEE Proposal
The AGATA Collaboration Web page AGATA-Spain: www.agata.org.es Bulgaria: Univ. Sofia Denmark: NBI Copenhagen Finland: Univ. Jyväskylä France: GANIL Caen, IPN Lyon, CSNSM Orsay, IPN Orsay, CEA-DSM-DAPNIA Saclay, IPHC Strasbourg, LPSC Grenoble Germany:GSI Darmstadt, TU Darmstadt, Univ. zu Köln, TU München Hungary: ATOMKI Debrecen Italy: INFN-LNL, INFN and Univ. Padova, Milano, Firenze, Genova, Napoli, Poland: NINP and IFJ Krakow, SINS Swierk, HIL & IEP Warsaw Romania: NIPNE & PU Bucharest Sweden:Univ. Göteborg, Lund Univ., KTH Stockholm, Uppsala Univ. Turkey: Univ. Ankara, Univ. Istanbul, Technical Univ. Istanbul UK: Univ. Brighton, CLRC Daresbury, Univ. Edinburgh, Univ. Liverpool, Univ. Manchester, Univ. West of Scotland, Univ. Surrey, Univ. York Spain: IFIC Valencia, IEM-CSIC Madrid, LRI Univ. Salamanca >12 Countries >40 Institutions