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How Does it Work?

STATE AND NATIONAL DNA DATABASES: CODIS Division Scientific Services CT Forensic Science Laboratory Dr. Michael Bourke 203-639-6400. How Does it Work?. Convicted Offender Database No Suspect Casework Database Missing Persons Database.

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How Does it Work?

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  1. STATE AND NATIONAL DNA DATABASES: CODISDivision Scientific ServicesCT Forensic Science LaboratoryDr. Michael Bourke203-639-6400

  2. How Does it Work? • Convicted Offender Database • No Suspect Casework Database • Missing Persons Database Compares the DNA profiles from casework samples to known profiles in the offender DNA database.

  3. FBI’s CODIS DNA Database Combined DNA Index System • Used for linking serial crimes and unsolved cases with repeat offenders • Launched October 1998 • Links all 50 states • Requires 13 core STR markers

  4. NDIS Database Statistics Convicted Offender Profiles 1,570,5777 Casework profiles 75,507 February 2004

  5. The CT State Sex Offender DNA Database • What are its uses? Forensic/Offender Matches • Sexual Assaults 1 in 3 No-Suspect • All Other Felonies Burglary

  6. Common Types of Evidence • Semen • Blood • Saliva • Cigarette butts • Swabbings of masks, gloves, etc.

  7. Connecticut Database Current Status 40,500 +/- Offenders Collected 13,850 Offenders Processed 1000 +/- Offender samples/month started March 1, 2004 1325 No-suspect cases entered

  8. What Samples are in the CT CODIS Database • Convicted Offender Samples • All Felony Convictions (03/01/04) • Offender sample submissions to the laboratory rises from 50 to 1000 /mo • last month-received ~ 900 • Forensic Unknowns • Any DNA profile from an evidentiary • sample that does not match the victim or • an elimination known

  9. CT Database Hit Statistics • 275 Hits / Investigations Aided • no suspect sexual assaults • Burglary, Armed Robbery • case to case “hits” • In 2005, CT DNA Database generated approximately three “hits” a week.

  10. What happens when there is a hit? • 1.Confirm the data at the laboratory • 2. Notify interested agencies • Submitting agency • State’s Attorney’s Office • Chief State’s Attorney’s Office • Receive and process the • confirmatory known • 4. Issue the “Hit” report

  11. 0 (VT) 310 60 60 13 3 393 (NH) 14 973 748 361 (MA) 4 4 4 3,711 1,172 1,172 2 (RI) 5 275 (CT) 751 751 92 14 1,668 1,668 267 (NJ) 225 491 491 3,578 6 (DE) 36 8 234 416 (MD) 170 790 3,153 1,128 199 199 97 (FBI) 313 313 103 97 917 375 375 90 507 1,038 5 660 (US Army) 27 1,188 371 142 (FL) 3,903 (Puerto Rico) 0 (Hawaii) 2 Investigations Aided Through January 2006 30,985 Investigation Aided in 49 States and 2 Federal Laboratori es The “Investigations Aided” is defined as the number of criminal investigations where CODIS has added value to the investigative process. (Exclusions in additi on to hits can aid an investigation. CODIS can only aid an investigation one time.)

  12. Case #1 1994 adjudicated CT’s first database hit 1. Sex assault by unknown cab driver 2. DNA extracted from unsolved rape 3. Database search “hit” on an individual incarcerated for similar crime 4. Individual dropped appeal of 1st conviction, pled guilty to the rape, additional time was attached to his current sentence 5. Closure for the victim

  13. Case #2 1997 Elderly housing projectSerial Rapist 1. 80+ female victim was talked into allowing suspect to gain entrance. 2. Victim was sexually assaulted and semen recovered. 3. DNA profile matched to a sex offender in the DNA database. 4. Investigative leads for two other cases w/ similar modus operandi.

  14. Case #3 1997 No visual identification 1. Victim awoke to find an intruder in her bedroom at 5:30 am. 2. Victim was told to cover her face with a pillow-never saw her rapist. 3. Victim was sexually assaulted, semen was recovered. 4. DNA database “hit” on a previous sex offender. 5. DNA is the ONLY physical evidence placing this individual at the scene.

  15. Case #4 1995 Recidivism-a real case history 1. Victim was sexually assaulted by male motorist who stopped to aid her while she was changing a flat tire. 2. DNA database “hit” identified the rapist. 3. Offender’s criminal history: 1991 3 rapes within 2 days, convicted & served 2.5 yrs before parole. 1995 18 months of parole before arrest for sex assault #4. 1997 3 arrests for sex assaults (#5-#7) DNA database match (#8) investigative leads for 2 more serving 25+ yrs.

  16. Case #5 1994 DNA exonerates and aids investigation 1. 12 yr girl is walking home from school. 2. Victim is sexually assaulted at knifepoint. 3. Following the assault, victim misidentified 3 potential suspects-DNA testing exonerated all 3 men. 4. In 1998, DNA database “hit” identifies the real rapist. 5. Closure for the victim..

  17. Case #6 1999 Armed Robbery 1. Bank teller robbed at gunpoint by man with a ski mask. 2. Police dogs track down a ski mask discarded in a nearby alley. 3. DNA collected off ski mask matched to a DNA profile in the database to provide an investigative lead.

  18. Case #7 2001 Serial Rape/Homicide Task Force • 7+ women raped and murdered. • 2. Police link 7 Rape/Homicides by M.O. • 3. Semen evidence from 3 victims matched to • CT Convicted Offender. • Task force investigates other violent unsolved • Sexual assaults. DNA (semen) testing generated • 1 offender hit (2nd individual) and 1 case-to- • case hit. • 2004– convicted of 3 rape/homicides.

  19. Case #8 2001-2002 Gang Rape 1. Woman sexually assaulted by 3 males. 2. 3 different profiles developed (semen stains). 3. CT Database search hits CT Offender (2001). Matched offender will not ID accomplices.

  20. Case #9 2003 Serial Rapist • Four home invasion/rapes occurred in a • six week period in 1984. • CT Database search matches the semen in • all four cases (forensic hit), but does not • match to any Offender. • Chief State’s Attorney’s Office is pursuing • a John Doe warrant for all four cases.

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