R&D on Future Internet in Korea

1. R&D on Future Internet in Korea Jan. 13, 2009 Taekyoung Kwon* and Yanghee Choi Seoul National University Future Internet Forum

2. Contents • Internet in Korea • Why Future Internet in Korea ? • Future Internet Projects in Korea • Future Internet Forum

3. South Korea • Population size : 49M • Capital : Seoul • Area : 100K Km2 • GDP : 13th • Map of Korea

4. Wireline subscribers : 23 million (Aug. 2008) Cellular : 45 M Internet Users : 34.4 M Broadband Penetration 93% (1st worldwide) Broadband Speed 49.5 Mbps downlink (2nd) Highest penetration ratio Weak Internet industries Internet in Korea 4

5. Big Players : Industries • Online Game • NcSoft • Nexon • Neowiz • CDN • CD Networks • Mobile devices • Samsung • LG • Mobile WiMax • Samsung • Posdata • Portal • NHN • Daum • Phone – wired • KT • Mobile Phone • SKT • KTF • LGT

6. Funding Agencies • MKE (Ministry of Knowledge Economy) • Short-term R&D for applied research • Telecom R&D (network equipments) • IT convergence • Software • Semiconductor • Sensors, RFID devices • Future Internet projects • IT Research Centers • MEST (Ministry of Education, Science and Technology) • Long-term R&D for basic sciences • Mostly individual projects • ERC, SRC, MRC, RRC • FI projects under discussion

7. Funding Agencies (2) • KCC (Korean Communications Commission) • Similar to FCC in USA • Regulations, policies • Spectrum management • Standards • FI issues under discussion • National Network Testbed • MOPAS (Ministry of Public Administration and Security) • e-Government • Security

8. Research Organizations • ETRI • >2000 researchers in IT areas • TDX, CDMA, NGN, 4G • KISTI • Supercomputer services • National S&E Network • KISDI • Policy on Telecom, Broadcasting • NIMS • Basic research on Math • Universities • SNU • KAIST • POSTECH • Many others

9. Golf simulator Course varieties Weather-proof Low-cost Networked Competitions Creative ideas :Screen Golf

10. Creative ideas :Personal broadcasting • Wibro + camcorder + afreeca.com

11. Networked city City management Energy Transportation Security Community services Linked to Home networks New cities New mega-buildings Creative ideas :Ubiquitous City

12. Why future Internet ? • Motivations are different by countries. • Security : US & others • Broadcasting, ubiquitous computing (sensors), mobility : Korean view • Business Models • NGN model : telco • 3G Model : wireless telco • Internet Model : everything on it ?

13. ITU model B-ISDN NGN Too strict New Archi as technology advances IETF No Archi at the beginning Rough consensus – strong leaders but allows less innovations No paradigm shift allowed OSI Too general Heavy 1G-2G-3G-4G-? New Archi every three years Too much expenses Architecture Failures

14. The problems of the existing Internet Archi are No integrated Security No integrated Mobility No integrated Service Terminal, network, application separated ISP not talking to each other FIA should respect ISP businesses Client privacy Technology advances FI Architecture

15. BcN developed as the infrastructure for the near future National exploratory R&D project on Future Internet is launched in 2007 “Future Internet” selected as one of the Ten Strategic Areas (from 2008) Future Internet in Korea

16. R&D projects • Fundamental Technologies for Future Internet • 2007 – 2009 (3 years) • Future Internet related Innovative Researches • From 2008 • 3-5 year projects for universities • Robust Mobility Management • Network Monitoring and Measurement at micro-level • Personalized Service Architecture • Security for Survivable Networks • IT Research Center on Future Internet (2008-2011)

17. Fundamental Technologies for Future InternetProject details • R&D Planning (through Future Internet Forum) • Identify long-term R&D topics • Predict the future technologies • Promote collaborations • Work on selected research topics (universities) • Architecture • Wireless • Services • Participation to Standard Activities • IETF, ITU, IEEE, forum etc.

18. Research Topics - 2008

19. Research items • Testbeds • Virtualized WirelessMesh (KAIST) • Virtualized Femtocell (SNU) • Mobility (KU) • Measurement (KAIST) • Architecture • Content-driven (SNU) • Cross-layer (POSTECH) • Micro-management (KAIST) • Hard security (SNU) • Disruption Tolerant Network (SNU)

20. A general testbed for cellular networks WCDMA Femtocell BS Virtualization of base station Virtualized mobile terminal Remote configuration and experiment Femtocell-based wireless testbed

21. A generalization of light-paths, such that multiple nodes along a trail can participate in time differentiated communication over the same established trail – increased link utilization o-grooming, e-grooming Distributed LT algorithm is proposed Verified by simulation Optical Path in the Core Network :Light Trail Transport for Optical Core Light path Super frame Super frame Super frame

22. DTN Routing Epidemic Spread & Wait Hierarchical Spreading is proposed Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networking :Hierarchical Spreading

23. Sibilla • Distributed applications are popular in today’s Internet. • Peer-to-peer file sharing, CDNs, multi-player online games • These applications benefit from the information about the network-internal performance characteristics. • Nearest neighbor discovery, Super peer selection, Distribution tree construction • DNS-like system, where applications Send real-time performance queries and Receive information on desired metrics Without doing measurements by themselves

24. Overview of Path Stitching • What are Internet forwarding paths and end-to-end delay between two arbitrary Internet host a and c? a ? c Step 1. IP-to-AS mapping A C Step 2. AS path inference A C B Step 3. Path stitching :A: :B: :C: :A::B::C: B::C A::B Step 4. Rank stitched paths and select the best

25. Cognitive Radio (CR) Channel-bonding vs. Multi-radio MAC CR throughput analysis Available channels Occupied by other systems Frequency

26. Multi-channel CR for ad-hoc network Opportunistic channel sensing to reduce the initial delay Hidden Primary User problem New MAC protocol is proposed Cognitive Radio over Ad-hoc network Distributed CR MAC

27. KAIST Mesh Testbed :Common Code for Future Internet Real Experimentations with Simulation Codes KAIST Mesh Network Flow A (ex: OLSR) Overlay Stack (GlomoSim) Basic Stack (Linux) Flow B (ex: DHCP) Flow C (ex: HTTP) Flow A (ex: Overlay MAC) New L7 L7 New L4 L4 New L3 New L2 KERNEL Driver Interface MA MB MB MA A B C

28. Network Engineering-enabled Mesh Network Per-aggregation Queueing Flow control at edge router source rate utility func local backlog Scheduling among backhaul links differential backlog

29. Content Delivery Infrastructure (CODI) Two-tier Name Resolution for Content Oriented Networking low-tier : tree (per ISP) High-tier : DHT (distributed) Better performance than DHT, Tree (DONA) ISP friendly CODI Manager of Content ID A Regional Root with Data A High-tier 2 3 Hash (A) = 2 1 Low-tier Y Content ID of A X

30. Overlay network for content search and delivery is formed by user assistance Incremental content search Incentive systems for AP providers : free access by users WiFi based DACON: Decentralized and Autonomous Content Overlay Network

31. Service-oriented Architecture Generalized service components Networking and computing service are also components Service broker for service discovery, composition and management Dynamic Service Composition

32. Backbones with international links KOREN (since 1995) KREONET (since1988) National Testbeds

33. KOREN international links

34. Established in 2006 to promote R&D collaborations in Future networking Building research communities http://fif.kr Workshops, seminars, publications Research Council General guidelines, technical documents Working groups Architecture Wireless Service Testbed Policy Future Internet Forum

35. Forum Events • International Conferences (annual) • “Internet of the Future”, July 20-22, 2006, Seoul, Korea • International Future Internet Workshop 2007, July 9-10, 2007, Seoul National University • International Conference on Future Internet (CFI) 2008, June 18-20, Seoul, Korea • CFI 2009 will be announced soon • Future Internet Camp (twice a year) • 2007 • Aug. 20-22, Jeju Island • 2008 • Feb. 18-22, 2008, Seoul National University (with AsiaFI school) • Aug. 25-28, Jeju Island (with AsiaFI school) • 2009 • Feb. 23-26, SNU 35

36. FI Demo Event • Nov. 14, 2008 at SNU • 17 demos presented • http://fif.kr/fidemo2008/video.htm

37. Asia Future Internet Forum http://www.asiafi.net/ Board Chair:  Hualin Qian Deputy Chairs: Yanghee Choi, Francis Lee Members: Xing Li, Jun Murai, Onno Purbo, Lixia Zhang Education committee WG Architecture and building blocks Mobile & wireless networks Secretariat Jun Bi, Choong Seon Hong, Koji Okamura Steeing Group Jun Bi Tsinghua University     Kilnam Chon   Steering Group  Chair   Choong Seon Hong Kyung Hee University   Education Committee Chair    Xiaohong Huang        BUPT Akira Kato             Keio University  D Dongman Lee            ICU   Hewu Li                CERNET                 Mobile WG Chair    Koji Okamura           Kyushu University          Sureswaran Ramadass    USM    Mingwei Xu             Tsinghua University    Architecture WG Chair AsiaFI

38. Korean Policies on FI • Recommendations • Condensed Research: 1-2 year cycles • Open Research : Experts from various sectors free to join • Selection & Concentration: based on competitiveness • Global Cooperation: Europe, CJK, USA, India, Africa • National Agenda : Long-term big national initiatives

39. Conclusion • Future Internet is a popular research area in Korea • Many global cooperation programs • Emphasis on wireless, access network technologies, and mobile applications • Open platforms for network & terminal devices • Forum is important to bring people together