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Can Virtual Language Tutors Teach ESL Grammar?. Faith Marcel Niagara College. Agenda. Reasons for Exploring the Question What is a Virtual Language Tutor (VLT)? Types of VLTs and their Functions Pedagogical Applications for the Classroom. Why explore this question?. Some of my reasons….
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Can Virtual Language Tutors Teach ESL Grammar? Faith Marcel Niagara College
Agenda • Reasons for Exploring the Question • What is a Virtual Language Tutor (VLT)? • Types of VLTs and their Functions • Pedagogical Applications for the Classroom
Some of my reasons… • Learn more about VLTs, their present functions and capabilities • Discover whether or not they can be useful for educational purposes in or outside of a classroom • Determine some ways in which the technology can be put to good use • Curiosity!
Broadly speaking… A remote or online language teacher
Three Categories of VLTs Explored • “Live” Virtual Tutors • Intelligent Virtual Tutor Websites • Talking Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tutors
Before we begin with definitions… used a virtual language tutor? Have you ever… been a virtual language tutor?
“Live” Virtual Tutors • Online language partner • “Live” tutor/teacher assigned to software program or site Some examples: • http://www.tutorvista.com/ • http://www.mylanguageexchange.com/
Screenshot of Test Interaction with “Live” Virtual Language Tutor
Intelligent Virtual Tutor Websites • Websites with larges stores of data or corpora • “Virtual Worlds” such as Second Life An example: • http://www.smallworlds.com/login/php
Talking Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tutors • Bots or Chatterbots Animated Talking Heads or Characters Some examples: Pandorabots (Home of ALICE, links to many other bots) http://pandorabots.com/botmaster/en/home
What are some benefits of their use? • Potential to promote intrinsic motivation (Eskenazi, 2009) • Real time feedback and encouragement (Wik & Hjalmarsson, 2009) • Improve speaking skills (Levy & Stockwell, 2006) • Increase exposure to input • Build confidence • Provide additional means for practice
Drawbacks Solutions ? • Relatively new technology • Technical Issues • Issue of accuracy • Complement to sound pedagogical practice • Test and monitor technology closely • Controlled environment to ensure no surprises!
More General Applications for Grammar Teaching • Complement to grammar teaching • To provide support and reinforcement of grammar points • Enhance communication and practice of grammatical structures • Enhance the learning experience (not everyone loves grammar!)
References Coniam, D. (2008). Evaluating the language resources of chatbots for their potential in English as a second language. ReCALL, 20(1), 98-116. Eskenazi, Z. (2009). An overview of spoken language technology for education. Speech Communication, 51(10), 832-844. Fryer, L. & Carpenter, R. (2006). Emerging technologies: Bots as language learning tools. Language Learning and Technology, 10(3), 8-14. Jia, J. (2009). CSIEC A computer assisted English learning chatbot based on textual knowledge and reasoning, Knowledge-Based Systems 22, 249-255. Spada, N. & Lightbown, P.M. (2008). Form-focused instruction: Isolated or Integrated? TESOL Quarterly, 42,181-207. TutorVista.com (2008). Tutorvista.com. Retrieved from http://www.tutorvista.com/
List of Some AI Chatbot Sites: Pandorabots (Home of ALICE, links to many other bots)http://pandorabots.com/botmaster/en/home Smallworlds (Virtual world- requires free sign up)http://www.smallworlds.com/login.php Hal (“Silly computer bot”)http://www.zabaware.com/webhal/hal6alpha.asp Tinahttp://demo.vhost.pandorabots.com/pandora/talk?botid=a93dcf79ae353e49 iGod http://www.titane.ca/concordia/dfar251/igod/main.html Messenger chatbotshttp://www.messengerfreak.com/chat_bots.php Mike- Bot which assists with free writing practicehttp://www.rong-chang.com/tutor.htm
Chatbot- Aaronhttp://nlp.petamem.com/eng/nlp/chatbot.mpl Elbot- Animated character (Comical “Don’t push my red button” featurehttp://www.elbot.com/ Google Talk- Translation bothttp://blogoscoped.com/archive/2007-12-19-n41.html Egonbot- Grammar website with virtual chat (dragon that moves)http://www.ego4u.com/en/chill-out/chat/egon-bot Ville-Virtual Language Tutor for Swedishhttp://www.speech.kth.se/ville/swell.html Speaking Avatarshttp://www.voki.com/ iPhone Applications Siri Virtual Assistant US Baldi (3D talking bald character)Alice Chatbot