School to Career, 10 th ed by JJ Littrell, James H. Lorenz, Harry T. Smith

1. School to Career, 10th edby JJ Littrell, James H. Lorenz, Harry T. Smith Chapter 7 Teamwork and Problem-Solving Skills

2. Objectives • After reviewing this section you will be able to: • Describe how the workplace has changed. • Discuss teams and their role in the workplace. • Identify the stages of team development. • Recall the characteristics of an effective team.

3. Terms • Globalization • Quality • Team • Interpersonal skills • Virtual team • Functional team • Cross-functional team • Self-directed team • Multifunctional team • Norm • Gantt chart • Goal

4. 7.1 Teamwork

5. Lesson 7.1 – Guided Notes Write the questions on your paper and answer as you take notes. • What part did globalization play in changing the role of the worker? • How do formal and informal teams differ? • What common types of teams are used in the workplace? • Briefly describe the four stages of team development. • What are the five characteristics of an effective team?

6. OB Video Good/Bad Teamworkby Gabriel Landaverde • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMM4yAffHew

7. Introduction • Working well with others in an important skill for future success at work. • People who work together need to communicate well and know how to listen. • These skills are important in solving problems, working on teams, and dealing with customers.

8. The Need for Teams • Not too long ago, managers, made the decisions, and workers followed their orders. These jobs paid good wages/benefits and workers had the job for a lifetime with one company. • Repetitive tasks • Little or no formal training • Little of no creative thinking

9. Research Fact • According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average worker currently holds 10 different jobs before age forty, and this number is projected to grow. • Forrester Research predicts that today's youngest workers ? that's you ? will hold  12-15 jobs in their lifetime. Career Statistics: - Experience.com https://www.experience.com/alumnus/article?channel_id=career...source...

10. Research Fact – Ms. Wilkins • 10 different jobs before age forty Age 16 TCBY Yogurt Age 17 File Clerk @ Lorrance and Thompson Law Office Age 20-24 After-school Counselor @ YMCA After-school Site Director @ YMCA (North Harris County) After-school Multi Site Director @ YMCA (North Harris County and Cy Creek) Age 24-26 County Extension Agent – Jefferson County Texas Age 26 Child Care Director @ YMCA (Montgomery County) Age 27-29 County Extension Agent – Harris County Age 29-32 County Extension Agent – Fort Bend County Age 32-present Humble ISD Teaching

11. Globalization is the process of international businesses and financial markets becoming more interconnected. • Globalization increases both competition and opportunities for companies and workers. • Now workers solve problems and make decisions (procedures, quality, and finances).

12. Foreign companies with low labor costs are able to produce and sell their products very easily. • In an effort to be more competitive, many American companies have moved their manufacturing and assembly operations overseas where labor costs are much lower.

13. Low- Skill jobs pay a reasonable wage and require little or no education are quickly disappearing from the American scene. --They expect workers to • Stay knowledgeable • Continually make improvements

14. Quality is a commitment by everyone in an organization to exceed customer expectations .

15. Teams in the Workplace

16. A team is a group of people working together for a common purpose, 3 to 15 people. • For a team to be successful, good communication skills must be demonstrated.

17. Interpersonal skills Skills people use to positively interact with one another. Having the skills to get along with others to solve problems or accomplish a task is expected in todays workplace.

18. Formal Teams • Formal teams are organized for a specific purpose and have an appointed leader. • These people may be in different parts of the country or different parts of the world. • Virtual Team A team that is made up of people of members from different locations. Through the use of technology, virtual teams can function successfully. • Email • Video conferencing • Telephone • Local and wide area networks to communicate with one another.

19. Virtual Team A team that is made up of people of members from different locations. Through the use of technology, virtual teams can function successfully. • Email • Video conferencing • Telephone • Local and wide area networks to communicate with one another. • Without face-to-face contact, communication may be difficult. Body language, facial expressions, and eye contact are a very important part of face-to-face communications.

20. Informal Teams • Informal teams are teams that are created usually for a social purpose. • Functional Team • Cross-Functional Team • Multifunctional Team

21. Functional team Functional team Characteristics of Members May work in the same department but meet as a team only some times. Work on different problems over time May not be able to perform each others jobs. Strong allegiance to one another. • Have similar skills and expertise, they share technical expertise, and work in the same department. Functional teams solve problems based on their understandings of the work to be done and each team member's unique contribution.

22. Cross-Functional Cross-functional team Characteristics of Members Different departments from a company. Work on specific problem. Selected based on expertise in a given area. Can solve problems quickly. Cease working together when the problem is solved. • A is a team that consists of individuals from different areas within a company who are assigned to work on a specific project. Members are selected based on their expertise and ability to make a unique and meaningful contribution.

23. Self Directed Team is part of the cross-functional team and has been given full responsibility for carrying out its assignment. • Team leader sets work related goals and objectives, priorities, set budgets, develop work plans, and solve problems.

24. Multifunctional Team Multifunctional team Characteristics of Members Are cross trained to perform each other's jobs. Are assigned to specific tasks. • a team that consists of members who have been cross-trained to do another worker’s job. Each person is able to perform the duties of all the other team members.

25. Stages of Team Development

26. Its takes time for team members to learn to work together. There are four stages of team development, • Forming • Storming • Norming • Performing

27. Stage 1: Forming • Forming stage when they first come together, members of the team do not know each other very well. • Team and members become acquainted and discuss the purpose of the team, there is no leadership, so someone may step up and take charge.

28. Step 2: Storming • Disagreements, as team members get to know each other they distrust or not understand one another at first. • There may be disagreements over how the team operates, who is in charge, or when and where the team meets. • Personality clashes and arguments may happen and find it hard to work together to make decisions. • Also the stage when members begin to trust each other.

29. Stage 3: Norming • Team members begin to work together, and leaders emerge. • Teams resolve the disagreements and openly discuss issues, listen to one another, and become more involved. • They start to feel good about themselves.

30. Stage 4: Performing • Members are committed to the team and the organization. • They take responsibility for making improvements and examine the best way for the team to function.

31. Teamwork - Forming • Form a team. • The team must have 3-4 . • Select a game to play. • Play the game.

32. Teamwork - Storming Game Play Questions to Answer Were there disagreements? What did you disagree on? Did everyone know the rules? Did everyone play by the same rules? Were there issues with trust? How did you solve these issues? Play the same gamewithout talking.

33. Teamwork - Norming Game Play Questions to Answer Did the team members begin to work together? Were the disagreements resolved? How were they resolved? Did you listen to each other? Play the same game with the rules everyone has agreed on.

34. Characteristics of an Effective Team

35. Shares Leadership • Leadership on effective teams is shared among the members, the person who knows the most about given problem serves as team leader until the problem is resolved. Most expert person on that issue becomes the next team leader. Leadership does not mean telling others what to do. Instead, it involves helping the team move forward.

36. Rotate Team Roles • A good team keeps everyone involved. • Leader – sets the team’s agenda and helps the group make progress • Encourager – inspires everyone to participate and makes certain that everyone’s opinions are heard.

37. Rotate Team Roles • Taskmaster- keeps the group focused on achieving its goal(s) • Critic – questions the assumptions expresses and decisions made • Recorder – keeps detailed notes

38. Stay Focused • An effective team consists of members who are aware of their mission. • Uses humor effectively • Takes a break • Lists goals

39. Works for the Common Good • Members of effective teams agree on what they are trying to do. The team members are able to set and meet deadlines. They encourage each other and celebrate both team and individual accomplishment. Effective teams make sure everyone understands the plan and helps carry it out. The team checks on the way it operates to see if it can work better.

40. The Power of Teamwork by Khmer OsJa • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lCQg0gMhvOU

41. Teamwork - Performing Game Play Questions to Answer Have your group reached the performing stages? How do you know it’s successful? Play the a game with the rules everyone has agreed on.

42. 7.2 Problem Solving

43. Objectives After reviewing this section you will be able to: • Discuss how teams work together to solve problems in the workplace. • Explain how conflict can be managed when working as a team.

44. Terms • Problem • Problem solving • Criteria • Constraint • Pareto Principle • Brianstorming • Compromise • Consensus • Conflict

45. Lesson 7.2 – Guided Notes Write the questions on your paper and answer as you take notes. • What are the benefits when workers are given more responsibility for solving problems? • Explain the Pareto Principle. • Identify steps in the problem-solving process. • List the steps in managing conflict. • Why should a worker avoid “you” messages when attempting to resolve conflicts?

46. Benefits of Responsibility • Workers have more buy in when they are given more responsibility.

47. Problem Solving as a Team • A problem is a difference between reality (what you have) and expectations (what you want).

48. Problem Solving as a Team • Problem solving is the process of making an expectation a reality. The methods used to solved problems are the same for teams and individuals. • Employers expect their workers to be able to solve problems. Solving problems as a team will involve the same basic steps as solving them as an individual.

49. Pareto Principle • Originally, the Pareto Principle referred to the observation that 80% of Italy’s wealth belonged to only 20% of the population. • More generally, the Pareto Principle is the observation (not law) that most things in life are not distributed evenly.

50. Life Isn’t Fair • What does it mean when we say “things aren’t distributed evenly”? • The key point is that each unit of work (or time) doesn’t contribute the same amount.