Update of Interim Safety Improvement Planning

1. Update of Interim Safety Improvement Planning Presentation to Board of Airport Commissioners Michael D. Feldman Deputy Executive Director Facilities Management Group November 16, 2009

2. LAWA’s Airfield Safety Goals • Overall: Continue to be proactive in enhancing safety on the airfield while maintaining efficient movement of aircraft • Interim: Reduce risk levels as much as possible while maintaining airfield operational efficiency pending ultimate North Airfield configuration decisions • Long-Term Improvements: Eliminate and/or substantially reduce levels of risk while maintaining airfield operational efficiency

3. Background of IRSIP Study • North Airfield Technical Studies – Independent Airfield Safety Assessments • 2007 North Airfield Safety Risk Assessment Report • Independent North Airfield Safety Study (NASA, Academic Panel) - ongoing • BOAC Direction to LAWA to Identify Further Safety Enhancements During Interim Period • IRSIP Study • Status Update Presentation to BOAC on April 6, 2009

4. Airfield Safety Improvements Implemented • South Airfield Improvement Project - completed • Enhanced Marking and Lighting System – completed • Runway Status Light System – pilot program completed • ASDE-X system installation – completed • Pilot and Controller Awareness Program – on-going

5. Safety/Risk Terminology • Hazard: condition that is necessary to lead to an incident or accident. • Likelihood: Probable frequency of hazard occurrence (i.e. once per week/month/year/10 years/100 years). • Severity: A measure of the end result (i.e. increased pilot and FAA workload, extreme pilot measures to avoid collision, loss of life and property). • Risk: a predicted result of an event and the probability of the event occurring.

6. FAA Engineering Recommendations • FAA places priority on runway separation and proper airfield geometry • Pending resolution of the final airfield geometry, the FAA prefers the following: “. . .. The preference is for aircraft to cross in the last third of the runway whenever possible, since within the middle third of the runway the arriving/ departing aircraft is usually on the ground and traveling at a high rate of speed.”1/ 1/FAA Engineering Brief No. 75: Incorporation of Runway Incursion Prevention into Taxiway and Apron Design, November 19, 2007.

7. Existing North Airfield System

8. High Risk Medium Risk Low Risk North Airfield Current Configuration – Risk Matrix LAX 005 LAX 008 LAX 009 LAX 001 LAX 002 LAX 007 LAX 003 LAX 004 LAX 010 LAX 006 * Source: LAX-WCG, Inc. Safety Risk Management Panel, May 2007 * Unacceptable with Single Point and Common Cause Failures

9. Safety Risk Assessment Panel • FAA Subject Matter Experts • Air Traffic Control • Runway Safety • LAWA Subject Matter Experts • Airfield Operations • Planning • Safety Risk Assessment Expert • Panel Focus • Review Hazards LAX001 and LAX002 to confirm that the hazards still exist based on current operations and the implementation of short-term enhancements • Review the Preferred Alternative and determine if it would reduce the severity and/or likelihood of the hazards occurring • Evaluate the potential of the Preferred Alternative causing additional hazards and/or worsening other existing hazards

10. IRSIP – Taxiway Relocations

11. High Risk Medium Risk Low Risk Interim Improvements (IRSIP) – Initial Safety Panel Findings Risk Matrix LAX 005 LAX 008 LAX 009 LAX 003 LAX 004 LAX 010 LAX 001 LAX 002 LAX 007 LAX 001 LAX 006 * LAX 002 Source: LAX Safety Risk Management Panel, September 2009 * Unacceptable with Single Point and Common Cause Failures

12. Runway Status Light Locations

13. Next Steps • December Board Meeting: Staff will request authority to initiate IRSIP design and environmental review • Provide results of this work to NORSAC Committee and the Academic Panel. • On-going collaboration with the FAA regarding additional Runway Status Light Installations and IRSIP • Finalize Safety Risk Management Panel Report

14. Discussions/Questions

15. North Airfield Hazards • Hazard LAX001 – Taxiway Y • What is going on: Simultaneous use of Runway 24R for Arrivals and Runway 24L for Non-Heavy Departures • What may occur: The departing Non-Heavy aircraft is cleared for departure and begins its takeoff roll and the arrival on Runway 24L, instructed to hold on Taxiway Y, approaches to hold line at the same time. • What is the hazard: The aircraft that landed on Runway 24R inadvertently crosses past the hold line on Taxiway Y and crosses Runway 24L at the same time a Non-Heavy begins its departure roll down Runway 24L. • What may be the outcome if the hazard occurs: Either or both pilots conduct a severe maneuver to avoid a potential collision, which would be classified by the FAA as a “severe operational error.”

16. North Airfield Hazards • Hazard LAX001 – Taxiway Y

17. North Airfield Hazards • Hazard LAX001 – Taxiway Z • What is going on: Simultaneous use of Runway 24R for Arrivals and Runway 24L for Non-Heavy Departures • What may occur: The departing Non-Heavy aircraft is cleared for departure and begins its takeoff roll and the arrival on Runway 24L, instructed to hold on Taxiway Z, approaches to hold line at the same time. • What is the hazard: The aircraft that landed on Runway 24R inadvertently crosses past the hold line on Taxiway Z and crosses Runway 24L at the same time a Non-Heavy begins its departure roll down Runway 24L. • What may be the outcome if the hazard occurs: Either or both pilots conduct a severe maneuver to avoid a potential collision, which would be classified by the FAA as a “severe operational error.”

18. North Airfield Hazards • Hazard LAX001 – Taxiway Z

19. North Airfield Hazards • Hazard LAX002 – Taxiway Y • What is going on: Simultaneous use of Runway 24R for Arrivals and Runway 24L for Heavy Departures • What may occur: The departing Heavy aircraft is cleared for departure and begins its takeoff roll and the arrival on Runway 24L, instructed to hold on Taxiway Y, approaches to hold line at the same time. • What is the hazard: The aircraft that landed on Runway 24R inadvertently crosses past the hold line on Taxiway Y and crosses Runway 24L at the same time a Heavy begins its departure roll down Runway 24L. • What may be the outcome if the hazard occurs: Either or both pilots conduct a severe maneuver to avoid a potential collision, which would be classified by the FAA as a “severe operational error.”

20. North Airfield Hazards • Hazard LAX002 – Taxiway Y

21. North Airfield Hazards • Hazard LAX002 – Taxiway Z • What is going on: Simultaneous use of Runway 24R for Arrivals and Runway 24L for Heavy Departures • What may occur: The departing Heavy aircraft is cleared for departure and begins its takeoff roll and the arrival on Runway 24L, instructed to hold on Taxiway Z, approaches to hold line at the same time. • What is the hazard: The aircraft that landed on Runway 24R inadvertently crosses past the hold line on Taxiway Z and crosses Runway 24L at the same time a Heavy begins its departure roll down Runway 24L. • What may be the outcome if the hazard occurs: Either or both pilots conduct a severe maneuver to avoid a potential collision, which would be classified by the FAA as a “severe operational error.”

22. North Airfield Hazards • Hazard LAX002 – Taxiway Z