Characteristics of a successful programme Must address key science question(s) Global relevance

1. Characteristics of a successful programme • Must address key science question(s) • Global relevance • Degree of interdisciplinarity, if possible • Why now? • So what? • Who cares? • Why Antarctica? • Why SCAR? • Must make a difference

2. International context Many activities already underway GEM, ILWS, CAWSES, ICS-n, e-STAR, IPY Limited opportunity for new measurements with satellites New starts – Themis, Aeronomy of ice TIMED – another two years Stereo, Solar-B – launch 2005-06 Cluster – December 2005 Polar – September 2005 IMAGE ?? MMS- delayed Ground-based networks never been better Models – now sufficiently mature for assimilation GRID technology now maturing

3. Mission Statement: To create an integrated, quantitative description of the upper atmosphere over Antarctica, and its coupling to the global atmosphere and the geospace environment. Rationale: We do this to resolve open topical questions of earth system science in which Antarctica occupies a privileged or key position

4. Objectives • Interhemispheric science - need to quantify and understand the similarities and differences • Seasonal effects in electrodynamics, neutral heating, neutral dynamics, etc. • Dipole offset effects and the role in electrodynamics and coupling to the atmosphere. • The role of the ionospheric conductivity in conjugacy and electrodynamics. • The relationship between micro-scale and global-scale phenomena • Mesosphere and lower thermosphere as the upper boundary to the neutral atmosphere, and a lower boundary of geospace. • Inner Magnetospheric Dynamics and its consequences on the atmosphere • Global atmospheric electric circuit • the high latitude effects - conjugacy issues • atmospheric consequences • Schumann Resonances (Antarctic is quietest place on Earth!)

5. Rationale • Emergence of new data sets (volume/growth of data sets over last few years) • New Satellite data including IMAGE, POLAR, TIMED • New Magnetometer chains • New SuperDARN radar networks • New Meteor Radars • New Digisonde data • Emergence of GRID technology • Convergence of Data and Models • Creation of tools to visualize and utilize global data sets • Uniqueness of Antarctic • Poles are not symmetric (magnetic offsets, etc…) • Land over South pole (I.e. can put instruments there and physics different) • Must be an international cooperative effort - Why SCAR? • Data products are created by international teams and in order to conduct global science need to merge global data sets. • Extension of the Antarctic master data directory. • Links to COMNAP - good forum for coordination. • Why is should this science be funded? • Comprehensive, interhemispheric studies of the atmosphere • Important element of Earth System Science

6. Methodology • Create a data portal to facilitate the sharing and interpretation of global data sets. • Linkage to Antarctic database • Encouraging the collaboration of global data sets • Unification of data sets • Calibration of magnetometers, imagers, radars, etc. • Identify gaps in observations and encourage new observations. • Coordinate joint studies on the science topics outlined above. • Working Groups • 3 Working groups on science • Interhemispheric wg have 2 co-chairs because of size • Solar-terrestrial • Aeronomical • Inner magnetosphere • Global atmospheric electric circuit • Data working group • Have a chair and 3 members from other 3 working groups to tie them together • Leaders + WG Chairs

7. Deliverables • Implement data portal - Aaron Ridley • Polar mag - Mervyn Freeman, Alan Weatherwax & Kirsti Kauristie • SuperDARN - Mike Pinnock (BAS), Ermanno Amata • Polar MLT radar/aeronom (LIDAR/optical) - Scott Palo • Digisonde - Bodo Reinisch • Optical - Eric Donovan, Nikolai Ostgaard • VLF data - • Riometer - • TEC - • Atmospheric electric & magnetic fields - Martin Fullerkrug • Quantification of the role of seasonal differences in polar ionospheric conductance and their effects - Aaron Ridley • Constraints on models based on conjugate remote sensing of inner magnetospheric dynamics - Eftyhia Zesta • Characterization of the basic state of the polar middle atmosphere - Scott Palo • Quantification of the AC and DC global circuit and ionospheric modification - Martin Fullerkrug • Characterization of the spatial and temporal properties of mesoscale convection in the ionosphere - Mervyn Freeman

8. Public Awareness • Participate in SCAR open science conference • Coordination and collaboration with CAWSES during campaign periods • Community awareness through scientific workshops • Inform the space weather user community of scientific advances • Link with the European Public Space Weather Week

9. Milestones • Data portal (2005-2006) • Define architecture of portal • Identify all available data sets to address the scientific objectives (by each working group). • Evaluate existing software that could be used for a portal • Identify central location and implement data portal • Identify and implement the necessary tools (in the portal or by individual researchers) to analyze the data collected in the portal • Utilize the tools to conduct basic scientific research and complete the list of deliverables • Identify lack of instrumentation necessary to address scientific objectives and make recommendation to the community to fill the gaps • Apply numerical models based on the understanding gained by milestone 3 to provide an integrated, quantitative description of the upper atmosphere over Antarctica

10. Leadership and Tasking • Proposal Writer: Allan Weatherwax and Aaron Ridley • Chairman: Allan Weatherwax (US) • Co-Chairwoman: Kirsti Kauristie (Fin) • Working Group Leaders • Data portal WG: Aaron Ridley (US) and Mervyn Freeman (UK) • Co-Chairs of Interhemispheric WG: Scott Palo (US) and Eric Donovan (Can) and Nikoli Ostgaard (Nor) and Yang Huigen (China) and Masaki Tsutumi (Japan) and Jean-Paul Villain (France) • Chair of Inner Magnetosphere WG:Eftyhia Zesta (US) and Yuri Yampolski (Ukr) • Chair of Atmos. Electric WG: Martin Fullekrug (UK) and Gary Burns (Aus) and Mitsuteru Sato (Japan) • Ex-Officio Member of Steering Committee: • Maurizio Candidi

11. Mag Electric field S/Darn ionosonde VLF Meso Radar Multi  All sky camera Riometer Lidar TEC (GPS) ionosonde ULF Ring current atmosphere and its consequences on the lower        Bi-polar contrasts   HAARP       Mesosphere and lower thermosphere     Global electric circuit    

12. Unifying requirement • Data provision through a portal • Value added parameters • Algorithms for reconstruction • Assimilation into models • Visualisation • To address the key science areas • Unique – leadership, outward looking • Community requirement

13. Why Antarctica? • Larger displacement of magnetic pole from geographic pole • Conductivity • Dipole tilt • Weak B field – larger precipitation fluxes • Land on which to deploy experiments • Different underlying atmosphere • Land/ocean, ozone heating/ tides and planetary waves

14. Science Objectives Agree number and scope of science themes Identify a few (2-3) likely deliverables/science targets per theme Identify point of contact for theme