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How Technology Changed the Face of the War. Readings: Smith , et al., 891-902. WHY GLOBAL WAR IN 1914?. Break of Multi-national Empires Intense Nationalism Social Darwinism Yellow Journalism Arms Race and Rise of Armaments Industry. New Weapons. New Weapons (continued).
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How Technology Changed the Face of the War Readings: Smith, et al., 891-902
WHY GLOBAL WAR IN 1914? • Break of Multi-national Empires • Intense Nationalism • Social Darwinism • Yellow Journalism • Arms Race and Rise of Armaments Industry
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand • Serbian nationalism is a big problem then and now • Who Fought? • England, France, Belgium (neutral but attacked), Russia, Serbia, Italy, Rumania, U.S., Japan, China, and Brazil • Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire
How World War I ends: • All European powers worn down—millions of casualties, millions of mutilated men • British blockage leads to famine conditions in Germany and Austria-Hungary • Germans believed they had to resume u-boat attacks
US Enters the War: • Germans feel they have to renew unrestricted submarine warfare to end British blockade or morale will be totally ruined • Zimmerman Telegram and U.S. – Mexico Relations • April 1917, Woodrow Wilson asked Congress to declare war. • Ludendoff Offensive in March 1918 • Germans defeated 11 of November 1918
Casualties of World War I • Great Britain: 947, 000 dead; 2,122,000 wounded • France: 1,385,000 dead; 3,044,000 wounded • Russia: 1,700,000 dead; 4,950,000 wounded • Italy: 460,000 dead; 947,000 wounded • US: 115,000 dead; 206,000 wounded • Germany: 1,808,000 dead; 4,247,000 wounded • Austrio-Hungarian Empire: 1,200,000 dead; 3,620,000 wounded • Ottoman Empire: 325,000 dead; 400,000 wounded