Bureau of Labor Statistics Green Jobs Initiative

1. Bureau of Labor Statistics Green Jobs Initiative Understanding the Green Economy in Arizona April 26, 2011 Don Haughton

2. BLS green jobs initiative • Goals are to provide information on: • Number of green jobs and trends over time • Industrial, occupational, and geographic distribution of these jobs • What these jobs pay • Career information on green jobs • Work began in FY 2010 • Data available in FY 2012

3. BLS Green Products • GGS: industry employment • OES: occupational staffing patterns and wages for GGS industry employment • GTP: occupational staffing patterns and wages for employees engaged in green technologies or practices at establishments • Occupational career information on selected green occupations

4. Defining green jobs • Definition should be objective and measurable • Use standard classifications to provide comparability to other data • North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) • Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)

5. Defining green jobs • BLS background work • Reviewed the literature • No widely accepted definition • Examined international work • Statistics Canada, Eurostat • Consulted with stakeholders • Federal agencies, industry associations, States • Green Jobs Study Group • http://www.workforceinfocouncil.org/GreenJobs.asp

6. Defining green jobs • Solicited public comment • March 16, 2010, Federal Register Notice • Further consultation with Federal agencies during the comment period • Final definition and summary of comments • September 21, 2010, Federal Register Notice

7. BLS green jobs definition Green jobs are either: A.Output: Jobs in businesses that produce goods or provide services that benefit the environment or conserve natural resources. B. Process:Jobs in which workers’ duties involve making their establishment’s production processes more environmentally friendly or use fewer natural resources.

8. Categories of green goods and services • Energy from renewable sources • Energy efficient equipment, appliances, buildings and vehicles, and goods and services that improve the energy efficiency of buildings and the efficiency of energy storage and distribution • Pollution mitigation; greenhouse gas reduction; and recycling and reuse goods and services

9. Categories of green goods and services • Organic agriculture; sustainable forestry; and soil, water and wildlife conservation • Governmental and regulatory administration; and education, training, and advocacy goods and services

10. Identifying green goods and services • Generally designated as green only goods and services that directly benefit the environment • Does not automatically include inputs or distribution of outputs, but evaluates these for direct environmental benefit • Identified 333 detailed NAICS industries where green goods and services are classified. See www.bls.gov/green

11. Identifying green goods and services(for selected industries only)

12. Examples of Industries with green content • Organic corn production (anything organic) • Logging (wood chips for biomass) • Electric power production from wind, solar, biomass, hydroelectric sources, etc. • Nuclear power production • Sewage treatment facilities • Construction using LEEDS • Manuf. of Energy Star appliances, computers, etc • Aluminum smelting - reintroducing recycled cans

13. Identifying green goods and services • Using well-established, well-recognized “standards” for consistency • Do not have sufficient information and expertise to use a “net impact on the environment” concept to classify goods and services as green or not green • Will need to update as the set of green goods and services evolves over time (e.g., hybrids may become the norm).

14. Measuring green goods and services jobs • Green Goods and Services (GGS) survey • Sample establishments in industries where green goods and services are classified • Present to respondents a description of green products or services classified in their industry • Request share of revenue accounted for by sale of green goods and services • Use share of revenue as proxy for share of employment

15. Measuring green goods and services jobs • Publication goal and example • For all NAICS codes where green products and services found, publish one or more categories of green employment.

16. Measuring green goods and services jobs • Green Goods and Services (GGS) survey • Survey instrument developed and field tested, OMB clearance given April 2011 • Sample is drawn • Targeting approximately 120,000 units • Mailing starts late April 2011 and continues through the fall of 2011 • Results in FY2012 • Ongoing annual survey, quarterly updates

17. Measuring green goods and services jobs • Administer the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey to establishments in the GGS sample • Obtain occupational staffing patterns and wages • Overlap of green goods and services survey sample with regular OES sample • Expand OES sample as needed

18. BLS green jobs definition Green jobs are either: A.Output: Jobs in businesses that produce goods or provide services that benefit the environment or conserve natural resources. (GGS) B. Process: Jobs in which workers’ duties involve making their establishment’s production processes more environmentally friendly or use fewer natural resources. (GTP)

19. Types of green technologies and practices • Generating energy from renewable sources for use within the establishment • Improving energy efficiency within the establishment • Reducing greenhouse gas emissions resulting from operations. • Reducing or eliminating the creation of, or release of, pollutants or toxic compounds resulting from operations

20. Types of green technologies and practices • Reducing or eliminating the creation of waste materials or wastewater resulting from operations. • Conserving natural resources consumed during business operations. (Does not include using recycled inputs in production processes.)

21. Employment related to green technologies and practices • More than 50% of the employee’s time is spent: • Researching, • Developing, • Maintaining, or • Using technologies or practices related to the six categories of green activities. or • Training workers at the establishment in one or more of the six categories of green activities.

22. GTP green employment 50% of an employee’s time is spent researching, developing, maintaining, or using technologies or practices, or training employees in: • Generating energy from renewable sources • Improving energy efficiency • Reducing greenhouse gas emissions • Reducing or eliminating the creation of, or release of, pollutants or toxic compounds • Reducing or eliminating the creation of waste materials or wastewater • Conserving natural resources

23. Measuring green technologies and practices jobs • Green Technologies and Practices (GTP) survey • Sample establishments in all industries (except private households) • Present a list of green activities for respondents to evaluate whether or not they are used at the establishment • Request occupation and wage information for employees who spend more than 50% of their time in these green activities.

24. Occupation and wage information

25. Measuring green technologies and practices jobs • Green Technologies and Practices (GTP) survey • Initial development underway • Field testing started Summer 2010 • Public comment on OMB clearance • Comments due before April 4, 2011 • Survey collection during FY2011-2012 • Results in FY2012

26. BLS Green Products • GGS: industry employment • OES: occupational staffing patterns and wages for GGS industry employment • GTP: occupational staffing patterns and wages for employees engaged in green technologies or practices at establishments • Occupational career information on selected green occupations

27. Career Information • The Division of Occupational Outlook is publishing a series of articles on Green Jobs. • Industries were selected because they meet the BLS definition of Green Goods and Services and there is employment data readily available.

28. Career Information • Career Information articles are the first green jobs products available from BLS. • Because of the lack of BLS data, these articles will contain data from secondary sources until BLS data are available. • Articles will be updated with BLS data as it becomes available.

29. Career Information • The first article, “Careers in Wind Energy” was published online in September 2010. • A shorter Wind Energy article was also included in the winter edition of Occupational Outlook Quarterly • Available at www.bls.gov/green/wind_energy

30. Career Information • Upcoming articles include: • Solar Power • Green Construction • Possible Future Articles: • Hybrid and Electric Vehicles • Recycling and Reuse

31. BLS Green Products • GGS: industry employment • OES: occupational staffing patterns • GTP: process survey • Occupational career information on selected green occupations

32. Contact Information Donald Haughton (GGS)haughton.donald@bls.govSharon Stang (GTP)stang.sharon@bls.govGeorge Stamas (OES)stamas.george@bls.govJames Hamilton (Career Information)hamilton.james@bls.gov