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Cognitive Science in despair ?

Cognitive Science in despair ?. Prof. dr Anna M.T. Bosman www.annabosman.eu September 16 th 2009 Radboud University Nijmegen Department of Special Education. Reading. Beginning reading vs. Fluent reading Orthography Phonology Semantics. Dual-route model. Main issue at stake.

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Cognitive Science in despair ?

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  1. Cognitive Science in despair ? Prof. dr Anna M.T. Bosman www.annabosman.eu September 16th 2009 Radboud University Nijmegen Department of Special Education

  2. Reading • Beginning reading vs. Fluent reading • Orthography • Phonology • Semantics

  3. Dual-route model

  4. Main issue at stake Are two routes to the Lexicon necessary? • Beginning reading appears different from fluent reading • Different words behave differently

  5. Some Jargon Tasks • Naming • Lexical decision • Proofreading • Semantic categorisation Measurements • Latencies or response times • Errors

  6. Established effects (?) Frequency effect RTHouse < RTTint ErrorHouse < ErrorTint Regularity effect RTKus < RTJus ErrorKus< ErrorJus Word length effect RTSOP < RTSTOP< RTSTOPT Neighbourhood size, concreteness, imageability, age of acquisition, and so on

  7. Phonology: The Daemon Homophone pair = words with identical pronunciation and different spelling: HARE/HAIR (in English); WEI and WIJ (in Dutch) Pseudohomophone PSH = legal letter string, when pronounced sound like a word: DYME (in English) or GIJT (in Dutch) Pseudoword PSW = legal letter string, when pronounced does not sound like a word: DYPE (in English) or GEIM (in Dutch) Illegal words = illegal letter strings, RTAWS or BTESE in both English and Dutch

  8. It all started with DYME is more difficult to reject being a nonword than DYPE, which is in turn more difficult than DPYE. Conclusion: Phonology is fundamental to reading

  9. Van Orden c.s. BREAK, part of a car (BRAZE) SUTE, piece of clothing (SOUP) ROWS, a flower (ROBS) GIJT, een dier (GOOT) BLOUW, een kleur (BLAF)

  10. Category width Narrow categories: Clothing, Colour: Errors PSH derived from HF-words > Errors PSW derived from HF-words Errors PSH derived from LF-words > Errors PSW derived from LF-words Hause vs. Houpe (from HF-word HOUSE) Piek vs. Pelk (from LF-word PEEK) Broad categories: Living thing, Object Errors PSH derived from HF-words = Errors PSW derived from HF-words Errors PSH derived from LF-words > Errors PSW derived from LF-words

  11. Beginning ReadinG Dutch Grade 1-children, regular primary school • Proofreading • Lexical Decision • Semantic Categorisation

  12. Proofreading

  13. Lexical Decision

  14. Semantic categorisation

  15. Now What? • Are we still ok being busy puzzle solving? • Should we consider a new paradigm? • Have we perhaps not yet reached normal science? • Or as Jan would like to argue: You better give up on the enterprise entirely, because psychology will never be a science

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